Usuku lokuzalwa: NgoNovemba 9 , Ngo-1934
Wafa eneminyaka: 62
Umqondiso welanga: IScorpio
Kwaziwa njenge:UCarl Edward Sagan
Uzalwe e:IBrooklyn, eNew York, eU.S.
Idume njenge:Isazi ngeenkwenkwezi, Astrophysicist, Umbhali
Iingcaphuno nguCarl Sagan Yenzululwazi
Usapho:
Iqabane / Ex-:UAnn Druyan (we-1981-1996), uLinda Salzman Sagan (we-1968-1981),Umhlaza
Ubuntu: ENTJ
IU.S. Urhulumente: Abantu baseNew York
UMsunguli / uMsunguli:Umbutho wePlanethi
Iinkcukacha ezithe kratyaImfundo:IYunivesithi yaseChicago, (BA), (B.Sc.), (M.Sc.), (Ph.D.)
amabhaso:IMedali yeeNkonzo zikaRhulumente eziBalaseleyo (ngo-1977)
Ibhaso likaPulitzer lokungabikho kweFiction (1978)
Imbasa yeOststed (1990)
Imbasa yeSizwe yezeNzululwazi ngezeNtlalontle (1994)
Kuyacetyiswa Wena
ULynn Margulis UNeil deGrasse T ... Kip Thorne USteven ChuNgubani uCarl Sagan?
UCarl Edward Sagan wayeyi-astronomer yaseMelika, cosmologist, astrophysicist, astro-biologist kunye nombhali. Waba nomdla kwinzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi kwasekuqaleni kweminyaka emihlanu wafunda okokuqala ukuba ilanga liyinkwenkwezi kwaye zonke iinkwenkwezi zinkulu njengelanga. Emva kwexesha, ngelixa wayefunda kwiYunivesithi yaseChicago, wazi ukuba izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zenza imali entle. Ngalo lonke elixesha, ebesoloko esenza inkqubela phambili kwi-astronomy njengemidlalo ayithandayo; ngoku wayevuya ukukwazi ukuba angayithatha njengomsebenzi wakhe wobugcisa. Emva koko, wafumana i-PhD yakhe kwi-astrophysics kwaye emva kwexesha elincinci lobudlelwane kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, wathatha isikhundla sokufundisa, okokuqala kwiYunivesithi yaseHarvard emva koko eCornell. Kwangelo xesha, wonyulwa njengososayensi owayetyelele kwi-NASA. Nangona wayengusosayensi owaziwayo, esebenza kumhlaba ojikeleze umhlaba, kwizazi ngeenkwenkwezi, nakwimvelaphi yobomi, waziwa kakhulu ngomsebenzi wakhe wobomi basemhlabeni. Ubuye wasebenza ngokungakhathali esenza isayensi ibenomdla kwaye ebhala amaphepha kunye neencwadi ezininzi kwaye ethatha inxaxheba rhoqo kwiinkqubo zikamabonwakude. Zonke ezi zinto zimenze ukuba abe sisazinzulu esaziwayo ngo-1970 no-1980.
Ityala lemifanekiso https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap961226.html 
Ityala lemifanekiso http://communitytable.com/249407/carlsagan/the-gift-of-apollo/ 
Ityala lemifanekiso https://science.howstuffworks.com/dictionary/famous-scientists/10-cool-things-carl-sagan.htm 
Ityala lemifanekiso https://www.space.com/1602-carl-sagans-cosmos-returns-television.html 
Ityala lemifanekiso http://www.toca-ch.com/collection/carl-sagan-wallpaper/ 
Ityala lemifanekiso http://www.openculture.com/2015/01/youve-never-heard-carl-sagan-say-billions-like-this-before.html 
Ityala lemifanekiso http://www.huffingtonpost.com/david-j-eicher/memories-of-carl-sagan-and-cosmos_b_5065243.html?ir=IndiaInzululwazi ngamadoda Izazinzulu zeScorpio Oososayensi baseMelika Umsebenzi Ngo-1960, uCarl Edward Sagan waqala umsebenzi wakhe njengoMiller Fellow kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eBarkley. Apho, wanceda iqela le-astrophysicists ukuba liphuhlise i-infrared radiometer ye-NASA's Mariner 2 probotic robotic. Ngo-1962, uSagan wajoyina iSmithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, iziko elidibeneyo leYunivesithi yaseHarvard, njengoprofesa oncedisayo. Ngaxeshanye, wayengusosayensi otyeleleyo kwiLebhu ye-Jet Propulsion ye-NASA. Kwindawo yokugqibela, wenza igalelo elibonakalayo kwimishini yokuqala yoLwandle eya eVenus, esebenza kokubini kuyilo nakulawulo. Ukusebenza noJoshua Lederberg, uSagan wanceda ekwandiseni indima yebhayoloji kwi-NASA. Ngeli xesha, ebesebenza ikakhulu kwimeko yomzimba weeplanethi ezahlukeneyo, ngakumbi iMars neVenus. Ufumanise ukuba ukukhutshwa kukanomathotholo okuvela eVenus kube sisiphumo sobushushu bomhlaba obushushu kakhulu obubangelwe bubushushu belanga, obabambeke phakathi komphezulu womhlaba kunye nesikhuselo salo sefu sekharbon diokside. Ithiyori yakhe iyiphikisile imbono yangaphambili yokuba umoya weVenus wawufana nomoya womhlaba. Nangona izazinzulu ezininzi zazithandabuza, kwaqinisekiswa kuqala nguMariner 2 weNASA kwaye kamva zizazinzulu zeSoviet. USagan waye wafunda kunye nedatha eyahlukeneyo efumaneka kuMars. Ukusuka koko, wagqiba kwelokuba imimandla eqaqambileyo ebonwe ngaphezulu kweMars yayizezona ndawo ziphantsi zigcwele isanti evuthuzwa ngumoya ngelixa iindawo ezimnyama zaziziinduli eziphakamileyo. Ngeli xesha, waba nomdla kubomi obungaphaya komhlaba kwaye walinga ukubonisa ukuba iiamino acid zinokuveliswa kwiikhemikhali ezisisiseko ngemitha. Ukusuka kuyo, wagqiba kwelokuba ubukho bezinto ezingaphandle komhlaba kwakungeyonto inqabileyo. Ngo-1968, xa benqatshelwa ukuhlala eHarvard, uSagan wajoyina iYunivesithi yaseConell (Ithaca, eNew York) njengoprofesa onxulumene naye. Ngo-1970, waba nguNjingalwazi opheleleyo kunye noMlawuli weLebhu yeLabhoratri yeziFundo ngePlanethi kwiYunivesithi. Ngo-1971, kunye noFrank Drake, uSagan waqulunqa umyalezo wokuqala womzimba ojolise kubukrelekrele bangaphandle. Eyaziwa njengee-Pioneer plaque, ezi ziqhotyoshelwe kwi-Pioneer 10 kunye ne-Pioneer 11 ye-spacecrafts ngethemba lokuba izidalwa zangaphandle zingazifumana ngolunye usuku. Qhubeka nokufunda apha ngezantsi ngo-1972, uSagan waba nguMlawuli oManyanisiweyo weZiko leRadiophysics noPhando ngeNdawo (CRSR) eCornell kwaye wabamba esi sikhundla kwade kwangowe-1981. Ngaxeshanye, waqhubeka esebenza njengomcebisi kwiNASA nango-1975, wanceda ekukhetheni ukufika kukaMars. iisayithi zenkqubo yeViking. Ngo-1976, waba nguDavid Duncan uNjingalwazi we-Astronomy ne-Space Sciences, isikhundla esasibambelele ebomini bakhe. Ngaxeshanye, uqhubeke nokudibana kunye ne-NASA kunye ne-Voyager Golden Record eyenzelwe kunye. Emva koko, uSagan wabandakanyeka kwimishini elandelayo ye-NASA uGalileo, ekuqaleni wabhaptiza uJupiter Orbiter Probe. Kunye noku, waqhubeka nophando malunga neeplanethi, i-astrobiology, kunye nemvelaphi yobomi. USagan wayekwangumbhali ophumeleleyo kwaye wayisebenzisa ngempumelelo ipeni yakhe ukwenza inkqubela phambili kwi-astronomy. Wayepapashe ngaphezulu kwamaphepha angama-600 kwaye wabhala / wabhala-wabhalwa / wahlelwa malunga neencwadi ezingamashumi amabini. 'UJerome Agel, Unxibelelwano lweCosmic: Umbono wangaphandle', opapashwe kwi1973, waba ngowokuqala ukumguqula waba ngumbhali wesayensi odumileyo. Incwadi yakhe yowe-1977, ‘The Dragons of Eden: Speculations on the Evolution of Human Intelligence’, yayiyenye yemisebenzi yakhe ethandwayo. Kuyo, wayedibanise i-anthropology, i-biology yendaleko, isayikholoji, kunye nesayensi yekhompyuter ukubonisa indlela ubukrelekrele bomntu obunokuvela ngayo. Nangona kunjalo, owona msebenzi wakhe waziwayo yayingu ‘Cosmos’, wapapashwa ngo-1980. Kwakuloo nyaka, le ncwadi yajikwa yangumdlalo weqonga kamabonwakude obizwa ngokuba yi-'Cosmos: A Personal Voyage '. USagan ngokwakhe wayengumbonisi woluhlu kwaye kangangeminyaka elishumi yahlala iyeyona ngcelele ibukelweyo kakhulu kwimbali yeTV kawonke-wonke. Ngaphandle kwalonto, yasasazwa kumazwe angama-60 kwaye yabukelwa ngabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-500. 'ICosmos' yalandelwa ngabathengisi abaphambili abafana no'Qhakamshelwano '(1985),' Pale Blue Dot: Umbono weKamva loMntu eSibhakabhakeni '(1994) njl. ebumnyameni '(1995). Kuyo, wazama ukucacisa indlela yezenzululwazi kubabeki kunye nokukhuthaza ukucinga okuthandabuzekayo. 
Izicatshulwa: Wena,NgabaQhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsiIzazi ngeenkwenkwezi zaseMelika I-American Astrophysicists Amadoda eScorpio Imisebenzi emikhulu UCarl Sagan ukhunjulwa kakhulu ngophando lwenzululwazi ngobomi bangaphandle. Ubonakalisile ukuba iiamino acid kunye nenicic acid, ezona zinto ziphambili zobomi, zinokwenziwa ngokuveza umxube weekhemikhali ezithile kwimitha ye-ultraviolet kwaye ke, ubomi bunokubakho ngaphandle komhlaba. Uyaziwa ngokuhlanganisa imiyalezo emibini yokuqala ethunyelwe kwisithuba yi-NASA. Eyokuqala yayingu Pioneer plaque, eyasekwa ngo Pioneer 10 no 11 kwaye enye yayiyi Voyager Golden Records, iqhotyoshelwe kwi Voyager 1 kunye ne Voyager 2. I Pioneer plaque yayiqulathe imifanekiso yendoda ne mfazi behamba kunye nezinye iisimboli ezenziwa ngu Carl USagan noFrank Drake. Inokubanakho ukuqondwa nangabuphi na ubukrelekrele bangaphandle obunokubabona ngenye imini. I-Voyager Golden Records luhlobo lwecapsule, eyenzelwe ukunxibelelana nabantu bangaphandle ibali lomhlaba nabemi bawo. Babenemifanekiso eli-116 kunye nezandi ezahlukeneyo zendalo kunye nokukhethwa komculo okuvela kubudala obahlukeneyo kunye neenkcubeko, imiyalezo ekwiMood Code njl. Okuqulathiweyo kwakukhethwe yikomiti eyayikhokelwe nguCarl Sagan. Amabhaso kunye neMpumelelo Kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe, uCarl Sagan wahlonitshwa ngamabhaso aliqela. Phakathi kwabo, iMedali yeeNkonzo zikaRhulumente eziDumileyo (1977 & 1981) kunye neNational Academy of Sciences 'iMedali yeNtlalontle yoLuntu (1994) ibaluleke kakhulu. Kwi-1978, waphumelela iPulitzer Prize ngencwadi yakhe ethi 'The Dragon of Eden'. 
Ubomi boBuntu kunye nelifa UCarl Sagan watshata kathathu ebomini bakhe. Ngo-1957, watshata no-biologist uLynn Margulis. Wayengu-theorist wokuzivelela kwezinto, umbhali wesayensi kunye notitshala. Esi sibini sasinabantwana ababini, uJeremy noDorian Sagan. Ukutshata kwakhona kwaphela ngoqhawulo-mtshato ngo-1965. Emva koko watshata umzobi nombhali uLinda Salzman ngomhla we-6 ku-Epreli ngo-1968. Wenza umsebenzi wobugcisa kwi-plaque ye-Pioneer, wenza i-Voyager Golden Record kunye ne-co. 'Izikhalazo Zomhlaba'. Esi sibini sasinonyana ogama linguNick Sagan. Lo mtshato waphela ngoqhawulo-mtshato ngo-1981. Ngo-1981, watshata no-Ann Druyan, umbhali ophumelele amabhaso kunye nomvelisi ogqwesileyo kunxibelelwano lwezenzululwazi. Babenabantwana ababini, uAlexander kunye noSamuel Sagan. Umtshato waqhubeka de kwasekufeni kwakhe ngo-1996. Kwiminyaka emibini phambi kokusweleka kwakhe, uSagan wenza i-myelodysplasia. Emva koko, kwafuneka afakwe kathathu emongo. Emva kwexesha wahlaselwa yinyumoniya kwaye wasweleka kuyo ekuseni nge-20 kaDisemba, 1996. Wayeneminyaka engama-62 ngoko.
