Usuku lokuzalwa: Nge-31 ka-Agasti ,161
Wafa eneminyaka: 31
Umqondiso welanga: Intombazana
Kwaziwa njenge:Ukuhamba
Uzalwe e:Lanuvium
Idume njenge:Umlawuli waseRoma
Abalawuli kunye neeKumkani Amadoda amaRoma amandulo
Usapho:
Iqabane / Ex-:Bruttia Crispina (d. 178 AD)
abantakwenu:♀ UAnnia Aurelia Galeria Faustina, uAnnia Faustina Omncinci wayeseCornificia, Domitia Faustina, Fadilla, Taura ukukhulisa izibingelelo eziphikisanayo, ezibizwa ngoHadrian, Faustina, Marcus Annius Verus Caesar, Titus Aelius Aurelius, Antoninus Titus Aurelius Fulvius, Vibia Aurelia Sabina
Usweleke kwi: UDisemba 31 ,192
Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsiKuyacetyiswa Wena
UTito UCaligula ULucius UKlawudiyoNgubani uKomodus?
I-Commodus yayingumlawuli waseRoma ngexesha leminyaka yokuqala yewaka leminyaka. Uzalelwe uLucius Aurelius Commodus, waziwa njengomlawuli oyile inguquko enkulu kwimbali yamaRoma. U-Commodus wonyulwa njengo-co-Rule, eneminyaka eyi-16, emva kokulwa notata wakhe kunye nomlawuli, u-Marcus Aurelius, ngexesha le-'Marcomannic Wars. ' Inkosana yaseRoma phantse kwiminyaka eyi-100 ukuba ikwazi ukuthatha izintso kuyise omzalayo. Nangona ulawulo lukaCommodus lwalungaphawulwa zizo naziphi na iimfazwe ezoyikekayo ezinjengezo zazingaphambi kwakhe, ixesha lakhe kwitrone lalibandakanya amanyundululu kunye namayelenqe. Embindini weso siphithiphithi, i-Commodus yathathelwa ingqalelo njenguzwilakhe ongalawulekiyo, nto leyo eyamkhokelela ekubeni aphuhlise ukuntsokotha kukaThixo. Ulawulo lwakhe lukhunjulwa njengesahluko sokugqibela sexesha loxolo kubukhosi baseRoma obabuhleli malunga neminyaka engama-84. Njengabalawuli abaninzi baseRoma ngaphambi nasemva kwakhe, u-Commodus wabulawa yinkokeli yamajoni yaseRoma. Indlela yakhe yolawulo kunye namayelenqe awayesenziwa ngexesha lokulawula kwakhe zihlala zichazwa njengezizathu zonyaka olandelayo wooKumkani abahlanu, ixesha elashukumisa uBukhosi baseRoma kwiziseko zabo.
Ityala lemifanekiso http://www.prisonersofeternity.co.uk/emperor-commodus-the-gladiator/ 
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile: Indawo yokuhlala_Musei_Capitolini_MC1120.jpg (IiMyuziyam zaseCapitoline [Indawo yoluntu])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile:Bust_of_Commodus_180-192_AD.JPG (UNaughtynimitz [CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile: Indawo yokuhlala.jpg (Umsebenzisi: ChrisO [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/)])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Commodus,_Kunsthistorisches_Museum_Vienna_-_20100226.jpg (ICristianChirita. [CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile:Commodo,_180-192_dc,_collez._albani.JPG (USailko [CC BY 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0)])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile:CommodoDaAlbano-MNRPalMassimo.JPG (MM [CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)]) Ngaphambili Okulandelayo Ubuntwana kunye noBomi bokuqala ULucius Aurelius Commodus wazalwa ngo-161 AD, kumlawuli waseRoma owayesakuba lixesha, uMarcus Aurelius, eLanuvium, kufutshane neRoma. Unina, u-Anna Galeria Faustina Minor, wayengumzala wokuqala kaMarcus. I-Commodus yayinamawele amakhulu, uTitus Aurelius Fulvus Antoninus. UTitus wasweleka ngo-165, esenza u-Commodus unyana omkhulu ka-Emperor Marcus kunye nendlalifa ebonakalayo kwitrone. Wayenabanye abantakwabo abali-12, kubandakanya noTitus, bonke abantwana abazelwe nguyise. Kubantwana abali-13 bakaMarcus Aurelius, kwasala abathandathu kuphela ngexesha lokusweleka kuka-Emperor Marcus. Kwezi zintandathu abantwana, uCommodus wayengunyana okuphela kwakhe. Ngo-166 AD, i-Commodus yanikwa isihloko sika-Kesare, iwonga eligcinelwe abantwana bosapho lwasebukhosini. Wanikwa neenkonzo zikagqirha kayise, uGalen, ukuqinisekisa ukuba uhlala esempilweni, njengoko yayinguye yedwa unyana oseleyo womlawuli. Kwiminyaka yakhe yokuqala, wafundiswa liqela lootitshala, ukuphucula amandla akhe engqondo. Aba titshala babandakanya ii-Onesicrate, uTitus Aius Sanctus, kunye noAntistius Capella phakathi kwabanye. Itrayi yakhe yokuqala kwezomkhosi yayingo-172 AD, xa wayemi eCarnuntum, ikomkhulu likaMarcus Aurelius ‘kwiiMfazwe zaseMarcomannic.’ Kwakuloo nyaka, wanikwa iwonga lokuphumelela iGermanicus ejonge ngokupheleleyo umkhosi wamaRoma. Ngo-175 AD, u-Commodus wanyuselwa 'kwiKholeji yooPontiffi,' inyathelo elathi laqala ubomi bakhe esidlangalaleni eneminyaka eli-14 ubudala. nanjengomlawuli-mbumba ku-Emperor Marcus Aurelius kamva kulo nyaka. Phakathi kokuba ngu-consul kunye nomlawuli-mbuso wobukhosi baseRoma, u-Commodus watshata noBruttia Crispina. Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsi Ulawulo lwe-Emperor Commodus UMarcus Aurelius wasweleka ngo-Matshi 180 AD, eshiya iintambo zoBukhosi baseRoma kunyana wakhe ekuphela kwakhe, u-Commodus. U-Commodus waqala ukulawula kwakhe ngokwenza uxolo kunye nezizwe zaseDanubian ngo-180 AD. Wafika eRoma phakathi kobushushu obuninzi, njengoko iinzame zakhe zokugcina uxolo zazithathwa njengoloyiso. Ngokuchasene nabalawuli ababengaphambi kwabo abagcina impembelelo eyomeleleyo kulawulo lobukumkani, iCommodus yayihlala ifunyanwa njengengathandekiyo kwiinkcukacha zolawulo. Endaweni yoko wanyula uthotho lwabanyanisekileyo bakhe, njengoSaoterus, ukuba baqhubele ubukhosi egameni lakhe. Isimo sakhe semikhosi esilawulayo sazisa uthotho lweentlekele, eyokuqala eyaqala ngo-182 AD. Amacebo okubulala, ukubulala kunye neqhinga ngo-182 AD Unyaka we-182 AD uphawula ixesha xa ulawulo luka-Commodus lujamelene nomceli mngeni wokuqala. ULucilla, omnye woodade boCommodus, wenza iinzame zokubulala umlawuli ngababini ababethandana nabo: UMarcus Ummidius Quadratus Annianus noAppius Claudius Quintianus. Ilinge lokubulala alizange liphumelele, njengoko umlawuli wasindiswa ngoonogada bakhe. Bobabini abatyholwa kamva babulawa, kwaye uLucilla wagxothelwa eCapri, apho wabulawa kamva. Isizathu esivela kwisiza bekufanele ukuba ngumona kaLucilla kuKumkanikazi uCrispina. Lo nyaka uphawulwe ngokubulawa kukaSaoterus. Esi siganeko sibuhlungu kakhulu kwi-Commodus, njengoko wayethanda uSaoterus. Ukubulawa kwakhe kwakucingelwa ukuba kwakucwangciswe ngabaphathi bababini bendlu: uTarrutenius Paternus kunye noSextus Tigidius Perennis. Umntu wangaphambili wayekwabandakanyeka kwicebo elikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili lokubulala i-Commodus. Emva koko uPerennis wambamba uPaternus ngokumbeka ekubulaweni kukaSaererus. UPaternus wabulawa kwakamsinya emva koko, njengoko uPerennis wabamba ulawulo ekusebenzeni kukarhulumente ngelixa uCleander wonyulwa njengegosa elitsha. Kamva kwavela ukuba nguCleander owayebeke isikhonkwane sokugqibela kwibhokisi kaSaoterus. Ukuxokozela eDacia naseBritane kunye nokuwa kwePerennis IDacia, ingingqi yaseGrisi, yabandakanyeka emfazweni ngo-183 AD. Eli phulo lalihlukile, njengoko lalinikezela ngeenkokheli zasemkhosini ezibalaseleyo, uClodius Albinus kunye noPercennius Niger, abathi kamva babe ngabaphikisi kwitrone yoBukhosi baseRoma. Umkhosi wamaRoma wase-Bhritane nawo wawuyinto exhalabisa kakhulu eRoma, kuba babesondele kwinqanaba lokuvukelwa. UPerennis wayila umkhosi wase-Bhritane waya e-Italiya ukunqanda ukuvukela kwabavukeli. Umkhosi wamajoni wase-Bhritane wagxeka uPerennis phambi kwe-Commodus. Batsho ukuba uPerennis wayeceba ukwenza unyana wakhe umlawuli, ngokuthatha indawo kaKumkani uKumkani. Ezi ndaba zamhlasela u-Commodus owayalela kwangoko ukuba kunqunyulwe uPerennis kunye nokubulawa komfazi kunye noonyana bakaPerennis. Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsi Ukunyuka kunye nokuwa kweCleander Umxhamli oswelekileyo ngokusweleka kukaPerennis yayinguCleander. Iqela lamajoni amaRoma ase-Bhritane, enza ukuba ukubulawa kuka-Perennis kwenzeke, kubonakala ukuba yayimiselwe ngu-Cleander ukuba enze okufanayo. Ngokuhamba kukaPerennis, lonke uxanduva lokuphatha urhulumente kunye nemicimbi yoluntu yawela ethangeni likaCleander. Uwasebenzisile la mandla ukuthengisa ii-ofisi zikawonke-wonke kwabona babizi maxabiso. Eli vumba lenkohlakalo engapheliyo eRoma lasasazeka kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Imvukelo zazivela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zobukumkani. Ngalo lonke elixesha, uCleander wayehleli eRoma, egcwalisa imali yakhe. Kwinqanaba lokwenyani lamandla, uCleander waba ngumphathi oyintloko ‘wamaGosa Bakomkhulu.’ Ngo-190 AD, isehlo sokunqongophala kokutya okuziinkozo saba kukutshitshiswa kukaCleander. Ihlokondiba labonisa ngokuchasene noCleander kwi ‘Circus Maximus,’ ngexesha lomdyarho wamahashe. Ecatshukiswe ngabaqhankqalazi, uCleander wayalela ‘oGadi Bakomkhulu’ ukuba bacinezele ihlokondiba. Wamiswa nguPertinax, owayengumphathi wesixeko saseRoma ngelo xesha. Nabantu ababemlandela, uCleander wagxalathelana ukuya eCommodus ngethemba lokusindiswa kwelo hlokondiba linomsindo. Umlawuli, nangona kunjalo, wakhetha ukumamela inkosikazi yakhe, uMarcia, owacela uCommodus ukuba abulale uCleander nonyana wakhe. Ukumkani wanyanzeleka, kwaye uCleander kunye nonyana wakhe baphela kabuhlungu ebomini babo. Isakhiwo sikaThixo Emva kokubhubha kukaCleander, i-Commodus yazibandakanya kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla yaseRoma. Kungekudala, i-Commodus yavela njenge-megalomaniac emehlweni eNdlu yeeNgwevu nakuluntu ngokubanzi. Utshintshe igama laseRoma laba ngu 'Colonia Lucia Annia Commodiana.' Nangona kunjalo, akazange ayeke apho. Wazithiya amagama ezinqanawa, amabhotwe, iNdlu yeeNgwevu, kunye nabantu bobukumkani, wathiya igama lakhe. Ukuwela kwakhe kubunzima bukaThixo kusaqwalaselwa ngababhali-mbali abaninzi njengesiqalo sokuwa koBukhosi baseRoma. Ngaphandle kokutshintsha amagama, waseka nemifanekiso yakhe eqingqiweyo ejikeleze isixeko. Ukufa kweKhomishini Ukujonga isenzo sakhe, ukubulawa kuka-Commodus ngoDisemba 31, 182 AD, akuzange kumangalise. Ukubulawa kwakucwangciswe ngu-Prefect Laetus no-Eclectus. Bafaka ityhefu ukutya kuka-Commodus. Nangona kunjalo, icebo aliphumelelanga njengoko umlawuli egabha ityhefu. Bazama ukubulala u-Commodus kwakhona ngokuthumela iqabane lakhe elilwayo uNarcissus ukuba limkrwitshe. Ngeli xesha, icebo lasebenza, njengoko uNarcissus wakrwitsha u-Emperor Commodus kwindawo yakhe yokuhlambela. Qhubeka ufunda apha ngezantsi emva kokufa kwakhe, iSenate yakhawuleza yabhengeza i-Commodus njengotshaba loluntu kwaye yachitha yonke imiyalelo ayinike yona. U-Pertinax, inkokheli yomkhosi wamaRoma, waphumelela u-Commodus kodwa wakwazi ukugcina itrone kuphela iiveki ezimbalwa. Eli xesha lesidubedube kamva labizwa ngokuba nguNyaka waBalawuli abahlanu. Imisebenzi emikhulu Emva kokufumana itrone, i-Commodus yayixabisa imali yoBukhosi base-Roma. Wanciphisa nobunzima bedenariyo ukuya kwinqanaba apho ukunciphisa kuye kwaba kukhulu kwimbali yaseRoma. Ubunyulu besilivere bancitshiswa ukusuka kwi-79% ukuya kwi-76%, ngexesha lokulawula kwakhe. Ngo-186 AD, ubunyulu baphinda bancitshiswa baba ngama-74%, ngokwe-odolo zakhe Impumelelo Eyona mpumelelo inkulu kaCommodus yayikukugcina uxolo xa kuthelekiswa nobukumkani. Akukho zimfazwe ziphambili zaliwa ngexesha lokulawula kwakhe. U-Commodus uxoxisane ngesivumelwano soxolo kunye nezizwe zaseDanubian emva kokuthatha izintambo kuyise Ubomi boBuntu kunye neLifa Iimbali-mlando ezininzi zivakalelwa kukuba ulawulo lwe-Commodus yayilixa lokutshintsha kwimbali yamaRoma. U-Commodus wayengenguye umntu okhohlakeleyo okanye okhohlakeleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuswela kwakhe inkuthazo yokulawula, kunye nomnqweno wakhe ongonelisiyo wokwanelisa ukuzingca kwakhe, kwaba yingozi kulawulo lwakhe. Wahlala ethandwa luluntu, ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yokuba waququzelela imithendeleko emininzi yolonwabo lwabantu abaqhelekileyo. Wayirhafisa kakhulu iNdlu yeeNgwevu, eyayisenza abantu bonwabe ngakumbi. Ilifa le-Commodus ligutyungelwe ligazi kunye nesiphithiphithi. Ngokukhawuleza emva kokubhubha kwakhe, uBukhosi baseRoma babandezeleka kunyaka odumileyo wooBukhosi abahlanu. Ukulawula kwakhe kuhlala kuthathelwa ingqalelo ngababhali-mbali njengesiqalo sokuwa koBukhosi baseRoma. Inqaku Uyise kaCommodus, uMarcus Aurelius, wamkelwa ngutatomkhulu wakhe, uAntoninus Pius.
