Usuku lokuzalwa: NgoSeptemba 28 ,Ngama-551 BC
Wafa eneminyaka: 72
Umqondiso welanga: ILibra
Uzalwe e:Qufu
Idume njenge:Utitshala odumileyo waseTshayina, ezopolitiko kunye nefilosofi
Iingcaphuno zikaConfucius Izithandi zobulumko
Usapho:Iqabane / Ex-:Qiguan
utata:UShuliang Yena
umama:U-Yan Zhengzai
abantakwenu:Kong Li
Usweleke kwi:479 BC
indawo yokufa:Qufu
Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsiKuyacetyiswa Wena
UDeng Xiaoping Ilanga Tzu IsiLao Tzu (Laozi) UMenciusWayengubani uConfucius?
UConfucius wayengumfundisi wamandulo waseTshayina, ezopolitiko kunye nefilosofi. Wayekwixesha leNtwasahlobo kunye neAkwindla kwimbali yamaTshayina. UConfucius yenye yeenkokheli ezimbalwa ezisekele ifilosofi yazo kwiimfaneleko eziyimfuneko kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Ifilosofi yakhe egxile ekuziphatheni komntu kunye nakurhulumente, ukuchaneka kobudlelwane boluntu, ubulungisa kunye nokunyaniseka. Eyaziwa njenge-Master Kong kumaTshayina, wafundisa abantu indlela yokuhlakulela ixabiso lokuthozama, ukucwangcisa, ukuhlonipha, isimilo sokuziphatha, ukunyaniseka nokunyaniseka, ngaphandle kwengqiqo. Wayeshumayela ukuba ukwamkela ezi zixabiso yayikukuphela kwendlela umntu anokuphila ngayo. UConfucius wayenoluvo lokuba ulonwabo lokwenene luya kuza kuphela kwizenzo ezicwangciswe kakuhle kunye nokunceda abanye abantu. Ifilosofi yakhe yayijolise ekuzuzeni kungekuphela nje amaqela ambalwa akhethiweyo, kodwa bonke abantu bobukhosi awayeyinxalenye yabo.Uluhlu olucetyiswayo:Uluhlu olucetyiswayo:
Abona bantu banempembelelo kwimbali Ezona ngqondo zibalaseleyo kwimbali Abantu abadumileyo abenze ilizwe laba yindawo engcono
Ityala lemifanekiso https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JgKQxg1UjCc (Umbhali-mbali weGroovy)
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Confucius_Tang_Dynasty.jpg (Wu Daozi, 685-758, Tang Dynasty. / Indawo yoluntu)AmavaQhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsi Umsebenzi Wayengutitshala wokuqala e-China owayenenjongo yokwenza ukuba imfundo ifumaneke kubo bonke. Kwiminyaka engama-30 (malunga ne-519 BC), wamkela ukufundisa njengomsebenzi ukuze azalisekise umnqweno wakhe wokufundisa ubizo. Ukuyalela kwakhe kwezobugcisa ezintandathu ezizezi, ikhrigraphy, isithethe, ukuqhuba iinqwelo, izibalo, umculo kunye notolo notolo kunye nolwazi malunga nembali, izithethe zakudala kunye nemibongo zamnceda koku. Kwakukho ngo-501 BC okanye xa wayeneminyaka engama-40 ubudala ukuba angene kwezopolitiko kwaye wanyulwa njengorhuluneli wedolophu yaseLu. Ngelo xesha oku kwakuthathwa njengesikhundla esincinci. Wayesebenza njengomphathiswa wezemisebenzi yoluntu. Nangona kunjalo, ekugqibeleni waba nguMphathiswa woLwaphulo-mthetho kwilizwe laseLu. Umbuso waseLu wawukhokelwe yindlu yasebukhosini elawulayo kwaye zazintathu iintsapho zeengcungcu eziphantsi kwesidwangube, iintloko zazo zazineendawo zokuhlala kwilifa laseLu. UConfucius wayefuna ukubuyisela igunya likarhulumente kwi-Duke kunye nokuseka urhulumente ophakathi. Oku akuzange kwenzeke ngaphandle kokudiliza iinqaba zeenqaba zedolophu zeentsapho ezintathu zobukhosi. Ufumene impumelelo ebonakalayo kwisicwangciso sakhe kodwa akakwazanga ukufezekisa uhlengahlengiso olujolise ekubuyiseleni umthetho osemthethweni we-Duke. Ngale nkqubo, wenza iintshaba ezinamandla ngaphakathi kurhulumente. Ukholelwa ukuba walishiya ilizwe lakowabo ngo-497 BC emva kwenkxaso yakhe kumzamo ongaphumelelanga wokudiliza iindonga zedolophu ezinamandla zeJi, Meng, kunye neentsapho zeShu. Washiya ilizwe laseLu ngaphandle kokurhoxa, kwaye akazange abuye ixesha elide uViscount Ji Huan esaphila. Ngokomnye umthombo (shiji), ukubandakanyeka kukaConfucius kurhulumente welizwe laseLu kwaba sisizathu soxinzelelo kwilizwe elingummelwane laseQi. Urhulumente wase-Qi wayekhathazekile ukuba uLu angaba namandla ngenxa yoko wazama ukurhwebesha uMlawuli waseLu ngokumthumelela amahashe ali-100 kunye namantombazana angama-80 amahle adanisayo. I-Duke yatsalwa kwaye yazonwabisa ngokonwaba kwaye ayizange iye kwimisebenzi esemthethweni kangangeentsuku ezintathu. Oku kwamshiya edanile kakhulu uConfucius. Malunga ne-498 BC warhoxa kwaye waqala ukuhamba esiya emantla-mpuma nakwindawo ekumbindi ye-China apho axhasa khona iinkolelo zakhe zopolitiko.
Izicatshulwa: Wena,Intliziyo Ifilosofi yakhe - ubuConfucius Ihlala ithathelwa ingqalelo kwaye ilandelwa ngendlela yenkolo kakhulu ngamaTshayina kodwa kukho impikiswano malunga nenkolo yayo - uninzi aluyithathi njengenkolo kwaye bayifumana isimilo sayo singathandekiyo. Nangona ithetha ngezinto zasemva kobomi kwaye ineembono malunga neZulu kodwa ayinamdla kwimicimbi yokomoya ethi ithathwa njengebalulekileyo kwingcinga yenkolo. Imilinganiselo yokuziphatha UbuConfucius buzixakekisa ngezinto eziphathekayo zobomi, ezinjengokuziphatha okuhle, ukuphatha abanye ngobubele nokwandisa ubudlelwane bosapho. Endaweni yokuba ngumbongo ngoThixo okanye ngemetaphysics, uConfucius waqondisa iimfundiso zakhe kwizimilo nokuziphatha. Qhubeka nokuFunda ngezantsi kweBothered malunga nemicimbi yasemhlabeni, wabeka ithiyori yakhe kwiingcinga ezimbini eziphambili-ukuba yindoda ethembekileyo kunye nokuziphatha okufanelekileyo. Ugxininise ukuba inene liyinene elinempawu ezintlanu- ingqibelelo, ubulungisa, ukunyaniseka, ukuzincama nokulunga. Ngokuphathelene nokuziphatha okufanelekileyo, isiseko sesibini esibaluleke kakhulu seConfucianism, umntu kufuneka aziqhelanise nokuhombisa ngokwasentlalweni kunye namasiko, njengoko kuyeyona ndlela ikhawulezayo yokukhula kokuziphatha. UConfucius wayenoluvo lokuba ukumodareyitha kuphela kwendlela yokuhlala phakathi kwezinto ezigabadeleyo ebomini. Wayekholelwa ekubeni umntu ngamnye kufuneka agcine indawo yakhe entle- umzekelo, utata kufuneka aziphathe njengomntu onoxanduva kwaye angahambi kude nomsebenzi wakhe. Kuye, usapho lwalubaluleke kakhulu kwaye wayekholelwa ukuba ubudlelwane phakathi kwenkosi kunye nesicaka, utata nonyana, umyeni nenkosikazi, abadala kunye nabantakwenu abancinci kunye nabahlobo babini kufuneka bazukiswe. Ukwabongoze abantu ukuba bahloniphe abantu abadala. 
Ezopolitiko Ingcamango yezopolitiko kaConfucius yavela kwingcinga yakhe yokuziphatha. Ngokutsho kwakhe, oyena rhulumente ngoyena ulawula 'ngezithethe' kunye nokuziphatha kwabantu (imigaqo yokuziphatha) hayi ngokusebenzisa ukunyoba nokunyanzelisa. Ubongoze abantu abanegunya kwezopolitiko ukuba bazimelele kwimizekelo yangaphambili. Ukholelwa ukuba wasebenzisa amaziko kunye nezithethe zangaphambili ukuvuselela ilizwe lobukhosi. Wayengakholelwa kwingcinga 'yedemokhrasi' njengoko wayekholelwa ekubeni abantu abaqhelekileyo babeswele ubukrelekrele bokuzenzela izigqibo, kwaye (ngokokubona kwakhe), kuba ayinguye wonke umntu owenziwe elingana, ayinguye wonke umntu onelungelo lokuzimela- urhulumente. Wayexhasa umbono wokulawulwa ngukumkani ngukumkani olungileyo, ekufuneka elandele iinjongo zenyaniso kunye nokunyaniseka. Ugxininise ukuba ukuba umlawuli ulawula ngokuchanekileyo abanye baya kulandela amanyathelo afanelekileyo omlawuli wabo. Uye wagxininisa isidingo sokunika imbeko kubaphathi kodwa wathi nabo bangaphantsi kufuneka banike iingcebiso kubaphathi babo ukuba bakholelwa ukuba abaphezulu bathatha ikhondo elingalunganga. Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsi Wayekholelwa ukuba abalawuli kufuneka balawule ngomzekelo kwaye ukuba benza njalo, kwakungekho mfuneko yokuyalelwa ngenkani okanye ukohlwaywa. Ubomi bobuqu kunye nelifa UConfucius wabopha iqhina kunye noQiguan xa wayeneminyaka eyi-19 kwaye emva konyaka babusiswa ngomntwana abathi nguKong Li. Emva kwexesha wasikelelwa ngabantwana ababini ngakumbi - iintombi. Enye yeentombi zakhe kucingelwa ukuba yafa kwangoko esengumntwana. Kukholelwa ukuba wayengenabudlelwane obusondeleyo kunye nomfazi kunye nabantwana. Wahlala elubhacweni iminyaka eli-12. Ukuthetha ngaye njengendoda yombono kwaqhubeka nokwakha. UZuo Zhuan uthi wabuyela eLu xa wayeneminyaka engama-68 ngeenjongo zokugcina nokufundisa izithethe zakhe zakudala ngokubhala nokuhlela. Wemka waya kuhlala ezulwini eneminyaka engama-73 ngo-479 B.C. Ukuba iirekhodi zoMbali kufuneka zikholelwe, wayenabalandeli abamalunga ne-3,000 kwaye malunga ne-72 yabafundi bakhe babenakho ukuba nomyalelo kubugcisa obathandathu obabusenziwa nguConfucius. Iimfundiso zikaConfucius zilungelelaniswe kwiiAnalect ngabafundi bakhe abaninzi. Isikolo sakhe sefilosofi sagcinwa sisebenza ngumzukulwana wakhe okuphela kwakhe uZisi nasemva kokubhubha kwakhe. Ekugqibeleni, iingcamango zikaConfucius zagxininiswa phakathi kwabafundi abathi kamva baba kwizikhundla ezisemthethweni kwiiNkundla zaza zavulela indlela ubuConfucius obabumisela ngayo imfundiso. Akukho mfanekiso uqingqiweyo usindayo okanye umzobo kaConfucius. Ukholelwa ukuba ubonakalisiwe ngokubonakalayo ngexesha likaHan Dynasty. Kukho inani leefoto ezibonisa yena njengefilosofi efanelekileyo. Kumaxesha angaphambili, yayiqhelekile into yokuba nomzobo kwiitempile zakhe kodwa ngexesha lolawulo lukaHongwu Emperor wobukhosi bakwaMing kwagqitywa kwelokuba kuphela komfanekiso kaConfucius kufuneka uboniswe kwitempile yekhaya lakhe, iQufu eShandong. Wangcwatywa kwindawo yembali yeQufu, kumangcwaba aseKong Lin. Ingcwaba loqobo kwinkumbulo yakhe likunxweme loMlambo iSishui. Emva nje kokusweleka kwakhe, idolophu yakowabo i’Qufu ’yajika yaba yindawo yokukhumbula nokuzinikela. Ngokomthombo wamandulo waseTshayina, yaba yindawo yokuhambela abaphathiswa. Le ndawo ngoku ibe yindawo yokhenketho lwenkcubeko kwaye ityelelwa ngabantu abaninzi. Kwiinkcubeko ze-pan-China, ukumelwa kukaBuddha, uLaozi noConfucius kunokufumaneka kunye kwiitempile ezininzi. Qho ngonyaka, amaTshayina abamba imisitho emihle yesikhumbuzo sikaConfucius ngoku eyinxalenye yesiko labo.
