Usuku lokuzalwa: Epreli 25 , Ngo-1917
Wafa eneminyaka: 79
Umqondiso welanga: ITaurus
Kwaziwa njenge:U-Ella Jane Fitzgerald
Ilizwe lokuzalwa: eunited States
Uzalwe e:Iindaba zeNewport, eVirginia, eUnited States
Idume njenge:Umculi weJazz
Iimvumi eziMnyama Iimvumi zeJazz
Ukuphakama: 5'5 '(165i-CM),5'5 'Abafazi
Usapho:Iqabane / Ex-:UBenny Kornegay (m. 1941; ubhangisiwe ngo-1943), uRay Brown (m. 1947; div. 1953)
utata:UWilliam Fitzgerald
umama:Ubushushu uFitzgerald
abantakwenu:UFrances Da Silva
abantwana:URay Brown Omnci.
Usweleke kwi: Nge-15 kaJuni , Ishumi elinethoba, anamanci asithoba anesithandathu
indawo yokufa:IBeverly Hills, California, United States
U.S. Urhulumente: IVirginia,Umntu wase-Afrika-waseMelika ovela eVirginia
Isixeko: Iindaba zeNewport, eVirginia
Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsiKuyacetyiswa Wena
UStevie Wonder UJanis Joplin UCyndi Lauper U-Leslie Odom Jr.Ngubani uElla Fitzgerald?
U-Ella Jane Fitzgerald wayeyimvumi ye-jazz yaseMelika ebalwa phakathi kweemvumi ze-jazz ezazinempembelelo kuwo onke amaxesha. Eyaziwa njenge 'Nenekazi lokuQala leNgoma', wayenephupha lokuba ngumnxibelelanisi esemncinci kwaye wangena kukhuphiswano lwe-Amateur e-Apollo Theatre yase-Harlem ngo-1934. Akakhange abethe abaphulaphuli ngelizwi lakhe kuphela, kodwa waphumelela Ibhaso lokuqala le- $ 25. Emva kokuba edibene nomdubhi kunye nomphathi weqela uChick Webb, waqala ukucula kwiqela lakhe. Ingoma yakhe ethi 'A-Tisket, A-Tasket' yaba yeyokuqala ukubetha uNombolo 1 ngo-1938, kwalandela ukubetha kwakhe okwesibini, 'Ndayifumana Ibhasikiti Yam Emthubi', eyabhalwa nguye. Emva kokubhubha kukaWebb, uElla waba yinkokheli yeqela, awathi igama lakhe nguElla Fitzgerald kunye neHer Famous Orchestra. Ngelixa umsebenzi wakhe waqala ngo-1946, wafikelela kwincopho yawo ngeminyaka yoo-1950 nangoo-1960, ngethuba efumana iwonga lokuba ‘yiNkosikazi Yokuqala Yengoma’ ngenxa yokuthandwa kwakhe kungenakuthelekiswa nanto kunye neetalente zezwi. Ukukwazi kwakhe ukulingisa izandi zesixhobo kunye nokuphuculwa kwezwi lakhe ekusasazeni kwaba ziindlela zakhe zokutyikitya. Wenza imbali ngokuphumelela iBhaso leGrammy ngo-1958, eyokuqala yaphumelela kuye nawuphi na umfazi wase-Afrika-waseMelika. Ngaphezulu kwekhondo lakhe lomsebenzi, wabhala ii-albhamu ezingaphezulu kwama-200 kunye neengoma ezingaphezulu kwama-2000, kwaye wathengisa ngaphezulu kwama-albhamu ezigidi ezingama-40.
Uluhlu olucetyiswayo:Uluhlu olucetyiswayo:
Abaculi beMvumi abaBalaseleyo kumaXesha onke Abantu Abaziwayo Ongabaziyo Ziinkedama Abona baVuyisi baBalaseleyo
Ityala lemifanekiso https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UFdfzNMV52Q (Amava eBillie Holiday)
Ityala lemifanekiso https://www.instagram.com/p/B_Z9THunnmB/ (yokuqalayesongsong)Abafazi beJazz Singers Iimvumi zaseJazz zaseMelika Abaculi baseMelika baseMelika Umsebenzi Ngo-Novemba ngo-21, 1934, u-Ella Fitzgerald uthathe inxaxheba kukhuphiswano kwii-Amateur Nights e-Apollo Theatre. Wayecula u'Judy 'kunye' The Object of My Affection ', kwaye waphumelela ibhaso lokuqala le- $ 25. NgoJanuwari 1935, wafumana ithuba lokudlala nebhendi encinci yeBradshaw kangangeveki kwiHarlem Opera House. Ngeli xesha, wadibana nomdubhi kunye nomphathi weqela uChick Webb, kwaye waqala ukucula kwiqela. Urekhode iingoma ezithi 'Uthando noKisses' kunye '(Ukuba awunakukwazi ukuyicula) Kuya kufuneka uyiSwing (Mnu. Paganini) kunye nebhendi, eyaqala ukubetha ngokukhawuleza. Ngo-1938, wabhala kunye isingqisho se-nursery, 'A-Tisket, A-Tasket', eyayiyinto ephambili, yalandelwa yenye, 'Ndayifumana Ibhasikiti Yam Ephuzi'. Emva kokubhubha kukaChick Webb ngo-1939, uElla waba yinkokheli yeqela, awathi igama lakhe ngu-Ella kunye ne-Famous Orchestra. Phakathi kuka-1935 no-1942, wabhala iingoma ezimalunga ne-150 kunye neokhestra. Ukrekhode kunye noBenny Goodman Orchestra. Ngomnyaka we-1942, washiya iqela ukuba aqalise umsebenzi we-solo kwaye wasayina nelebula ye-Decca. Wayesebenza rhoqo kwigcisa lomculo wejazz uNorman Granz kwaye wabonakala kwiikonsathi zakhe ze-philharmonic. Kamva, uGranz waba ngumphathi wakhe. Wenza ifilimu yakhe yokuqala njengoRuby kwihlaya 'Ride' Em Cowboy 'kwakuloo nyaka. Ngokufika kwe-bebop, isitayela sezwi likaFitzgerald senza utshintsho, kwaye ngeli xesha, waqala ukubandakanya ukucula ukucula kwimidlalo yakhe. Ukusukela ngo-1956 ukuya ku-1964, wakhupha iincwadi zamaculo ezisibhozo okanye iialbham zesitudiyo zeVerve Record, eyokuqala ingu 'Ella Fitzgerald Cings the Cole Porter Song Book,' eyakhutshwa ngo-1956. 'U-Ella Fitzgerald ucula iDuke Ellington Song Book' wakhululwa ngo-1957. Wayekwangumdlali weqonga ngamaxesha athile. Enye yeendima zakhe zefilimu eyimbalasane yayiyinxalenye awayeyidlala njengemvumi uMaggie Jackson kwifilimu yejazz yowe-1955 ethi ‘Pete Kelly’s Blues’. Wenza ukubonakala kweendwendwe ezingenakubalwa kwimidlalo kamabonakude efana ne'Frank Sinatra Show ',' iAndy Williams Show ', kunye' nePat Boone Chevy Showroom. 'Abafazi beTaurus Imisebenzi emikhulu U-Ella Fitzgerald uthathwa njengomnye wabaculi abakhulu be-scat kwimbali ye-jazz. Ukurekhoda kwakhe i-'Flying Home '(ngo-1945) yenye yezona rekhodi zinempembelelo zejazz zeli shumi leminyaka. Ukurekhodwa kwakhe kwe-bebop ethi 'Oh, Lady Be Good!' (1947) yayithandwa ngokulinganayo. Qhubeka nokuFunda ngezantsi kweAlbham ye studio yakhe 'uElla Fitzgerald ucula iDuke Ellington Ingoma yeNcwadi' wamzuzela iGrammy. I-albhamu yakhutshwa kwimiqulu emibini. Lonke uthotho lwencwadi yeeNgoma lwadunyiswa kakhulu kwaye lwaluphumelele kwezorhwebo. Abagxeki babiza uthotho lwengoma yakhe njengesona sipho sixabisekileyo kwinkcubeko yaseMelika. 'I-New York Times' idumise ii-albhamu njengesixhobo sokuhlola umculo. ' Amabhaso kunye neMpumelelo U-Ella Fitzgerald uphumelele amabhaso ali-14 eGrammy. Ngo-1958, wafumana amabhaso akhe amabini okuqala eGrammy ngokusebenza kakuhle kwejazz kunye nokugqwesa kwabasetyhini kwiingoma ezimbini zengoma, u-'Ella Fitzgerald ucula iDuke Ellington Song Book ', kunye no-'Ella Fitzgerald Ucula i-Irving Berlin Song Book'. Wanikwa iBhaso leMpumelelo leGrammy Lifetime Achievement ngo-1967. Waye wawongwa ngeZiko laseKennedy leMbasa yoBugcisa boQeqesho (ngo-1979) kunye noMbutho waBaculi beMbasa yokuFezekiswa koBomi (1989). Wazuza uGeorge no-Ira Gershwin Award Lifetime Musical Achievement, UCLA Spring Sing award, kunye ne-UCLA Medal ngo-1987. Ngo-1990, wafumana isidanga sobugqirha kwezomculo kwiYunivesithi yaseHarvard. Ngo-1987, wafumana iMedali kaZwelonke yoBugcisa kunye nelona lizwe liphezulu elingengomkhosi-iMedali kaMongameli weNkululeko. Wanikezelwa uMbutho weSizwe woPhuculo lwaBantu abaBala abaLinganayo kwezoBulungisa kunye neMbasa yaseMelika eMnyama yokuPhumelela. Ubomi boBuntu U-Ella Fitzgerald watshata u-Benny Kornegay, owayenetyala lokuthengisa iziyobisi, ngo-1941, kodwa umtshato wapheliswa ngo-1942. Watshata nomdlali we-bass uRay Brown ngo-1947. Ngo-1953. NgoJulayi 1957, kwaxelwa yiReuters ukuba uElla wayetshatele ngasese uThor Einar Larsen, waseNorway. ULarsen wangena engxakini yezomthetho xa wayebanjwa ngenxa yokuba imali kwintombazana encinci. UFitzgerald wayengumlweli wamalungelo oluntu. Ngexesha leJazz kutyelelo lwePhilharmonic, kwaqinisekiswa ukuba akukho malungiselelo okuhlala ahlukeneyo abantu ‘bebala’ okanye ‘abamhlophe’. Nangona kunjalo, kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe wayejamelene nocalucalulo ngokobuhlanga. Ngo-1954, akazange avunyelwe ukukhwela inqwelomoya ePan American ngenxa yocalucalulo lobuhlanga. Ngo-1993, wabeka i-Ella Fitzgerald Charitable Foundation, ukunika izibonelelo kubantwana abasweleyo ngomculo, imfundo kunye nempilo. Uye waxhasa ii-NGOs njenge-American Heart Association, iSixeko seThemba, kunye neRetina Foundation. UFitzgerald unesifo seswekile esibuhlungu esakhokelela kwiingxaki ezahlukeneyo. Ngo-1993, yomibini imilenze yakhe yanqunyulwa ngaphantsi kwedolo ngenxa yesi sifo. Ukubona kwakhe kwachaphazeleka. Uchithe iintsuku zakhe zokugqibela ekhaya nonyana wakhe uRay kunye nomzukulwana wakhe oneminyaka eli-12 ubudala, uAlice. Usweleke ngenxa yokubethwa sisifo sentambo ngoJuni 15, 1996 eneminyaka engama-79. Izinto zokugcina ezabhalwa ngumsebenzi wakhe omde zigcinwa kwiZiko loLondolozo lweeNkcukacha kwiZiko loLondolozo lweMbali laseSmithsonian leMbali yaseMelika, kwaye amalungiselelo omculo wakhe ayafumaneka kwiThala leencwadi leCongress. . Umfanekiso oqingqiweyo wobhedu kaFitzgerald wafakwa eYonkers, apho wakhulela khona. Yenziwe ngumculi waseMelika uVinnie Bagwell.
Amabhaso
Amabhaso eGrammy| Ishumi elinethoba, anamanci asithoba anesihlanu | Elona Cwecwe leMbali | Ophumeleleyo |
| Ishumi elinethoba, anamanci asithoba anesihlanu | Iphakheji yokurekhoda ngokugqibeleleyo- Ibhokisi enebhokisi | Ophumeleleyo |
| Ngo-1991 | UkuSebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kweJazz, iBhinqa | Ophumeleleyo |
| Ngo-1984 | UkuSebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kweJazz, iBhinqa | Ophumeleleyo |
| Ngowe-1982 | UkuSebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kweJazz, iBhinqa | Ophumeleleyo |
| Ngo-1981 | UkuSebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kweJazz, iBhinqa | Ophumeleleyo |
| Ngo-1980 | UkuSebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kweJazz | Ophumeleleyo |
| Ngowe-1977 | UkuSebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kweJazz | Ophumeleleyo |
| Ngo-1967 | Ibhaso leBing Crosby | Ophumeleleyo |
| Ngo-1963 | UkuSebenza ngokuBalaseleyo kweSolo, owasetyhini | Ophumeleleyo |
| Ngo-1961 | UkuSebenza ngokuBalaseleyo kweVocal Record enye okanye iTrack, eyasetyhini | Ophumeleleyo |
| Ngo-1961 | Eyona Vidiyo yokuSebenza ngokuGqwesileyo, uMfazi | Ophumeleleyo |
| Ngo-1961 | Elona galelo lilungileyo lobunjineli-Ukurekhodwa okuDumileyo | Ophumeleleyo |
| Ngo-1959 | UkuSebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kweVocal, owasetyhini | Ophumeleleyo |
| Ngo-1959 | Ukusebenza kweJazz ngokuBalaseleyo, uSoloist | Ophumeleleyo |
| Ngo-1959 | Ukusebenza kweJazz ngokuBalaseleyo, ngaMntu ngamnye | Ophumeleleyo |
