Wazalwa:330 BC
Wafa eneminyaka: 70
Uzalwe e:IAlexandria
Idume njenge:Isazi sezibalo-iJometri ye-Euclidean, izinto zikaEuclid kunye ne-Euclidean Algorithm
Iingcaphuno zika-Euclid Iingcali zezibalo
Usweleke kwi:260 BC
indawo yokufa:N / A
Iinkcukacha ezithe kratya
Imfundo:Isikolo sikaPlato, eAthens, eGrisi
Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsi
Kuyacetyiswa Wena
IPythagoras IThales IHipparchus ArchimedesWayengubani uEuclid?
UEuclid wayesisazi sezibalo esingumGrike. Nangona kuncinci okwaziwayo ngobomi bakhe bokuqala kunye nobomi bobuqu, uqhubeke negalelo elikhulu kwicandelo lemathematics kwaye waziwa njengo 'Tata weGeometry', u-Euclid waziwa ukuba wayefundise imathematics kwi-Egypt yakudala ngexesha lolawulo luka-Ptolemy I Wabhala 'Elements', eyona misebenzi yemathematika ibinempembelelo kuwo onke amaxesha, neyasebenza njengeyona ncwadi iphambili yokufundisa imathematics ukusukela ekupapashweni kwayo kude kube sekupheleni kwe-19 okanye ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Izinto zivuse umdla kwilizwe laseNtshona kunye neengcali zezibalo kwihlabathi liphela ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-2000. U-Euclid usebenzise 'indlela eyenziweyo' yokuvelisa ithiyori, iinkcazo kunye nee-axioms. Ngaphandle kokuba ngumhlohli kwithala leencwadi lase-Aleksandriya, u-Euclid wayila kwaye wahlela izinto ezahlukeneyo zemathematics, ezinje ngePorisms, iinkqubo zejiyometri, amaxabiso angenasiphelo, i-factorizations, kunye nokudibana kweemilo eziye zaya kwi-Euclidian Geometry. Imisebenzi yakhe yachaphazeleka kakhulu nguPythagoras, Aristotle, Eudoxus, kunye noThales ukubiza ngambalwa.Uluhlu olucetyiswayo:Uluhlu olucetyiswayo:
Ezona ngqondo zibalaseleyo kwimbali
Ityala lemifanekiso http://laurajsnyder.com/2013/02/review-the-king-of-infinite-space/ 
Ityala lemifanekiso http://likesuccess.com/author/euclid 
Ityala lemifanekiso https://www.flickr.com/photos/garrettc/2335351649 
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile:Euklid-von-Alexandria_1.jpg (Jonga iphepha lombhali / Indawo yasesidlangalaleni)NguThixo,IndaloQhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsi Umsebenzi ‘Izinto’ zikaEuclid zithathwa njengomnye weyona misebenzi inempembelelo kwimbali yemathematics, ukusukela ngexesha lokupapashwa kwayo kude kube sekupheleni kwe-19 okanye ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20. Ngokwenene ibisebenza njengeyona ncwadi iphambili yokufundisa imathematika ngeli xesha. Kwizinto zakhe, waqonda imigaqo ye-'Euclidean geometry 'ukusuka kwiseti encinci yee-axioms. U-Euclid ukwabhale imisebenzi ngokwembono, amacandelo e-conic, i-geometry engqukuva, i-theory yamanani kunye nobungqongqo. Ukongeza kowona msebenzi wakhe udumileyo 'Elements', kukho ubuncinci imisebenzi emihlanu ka-Euclid esele isekhona unanamhla. Kubonakala ngathi zilandela ubume obulinganayo obulandelweyo kwii-Elements. Zizo 'Idatha', 'Kwizahlulo zamanani', 'Catoptrics', 'Phaenomena' kunye 'Optics'. Ukongeza kule misebenzi ikhankanywe ngentla apha, kukho eminye imisebenzi embalwa eyabelwe u-Euclid kodwa ilahlekile. Le misebenzi ibandakanya 'iiConics', 'iPseudaria', 'Iiporism', 'iSurface Loci' kunye 'Kubunzima kunye nokuKhanya'.
Izinto zikaEuclid 'Elements' sisibalo sezibalo nezejiyometri esineencwadi ezili-13 ezibhalwe yile ngcali yezibalo yamandulo yamaGrike eAlexandria, ePtolemaic Egypt c. Ngowama-300 BC. 'Izinto' ze-Euclid yingqokelela yeenkcazo, ezenziwa emva kwexesha, iithiyori kunye nolwakhiwo kunye nobungqina bezibalo bezindululo. Zonke ezi ncwadi zili-13 zigubungela iJometri yeEuclide kunye nethiyori yamandulo yamaGrike. Ikwabandakanya i-algebra yejiyometri, enceda ekusombululeni iingxaki ezininzi ze-algebra, kubandakanya ingxaki yokufumana ingcambu yenani. I-Elements yincwadi yesibini yesiGrike endala yemathematics ephathekayo emva kuka-Autolycus 'On the Moving Sphere' kwaye ibonakalise iluncedo kuphuhliso lwengqondo kunye nesayensi yanamhlanje. Qhubeka nokufunda apha ngezantsi okokuqala eprintwe ngo-1482 eVenice, ‘Elements’ yenye yezona zinto zokuqala zasebenza kwimathematics ukuba zishicilelwe emva kokwenziwa komatshini wokushicilela. Ithathwa njengeyona ncwadi inempumelelo nenempembelelo kwezakha zabhalwa kwaye kukholelwa ukuba yeyesibini emva kweBhayibhile engcwele ngenani lamahlelo akhutshiweyo. Kuthiwa ngaphezulu kwe-1000 editions ze 'Elements' zakhutshwa ukusukela oko kwabakho ixesha lokushicilela. Eminye imisebenzi 'Elements' yayingowona msebenzi udumileyo kaEuclid kwaye usaqhubekeka ukuba nefuthe kwimathematika unanamhla kodwa wabhala nezinye iincwadi. Ubuncinci imisebenzi emi-5 ka-Euclid isekhona unanamhla. Idatha: Le ncwadi inezindululo ezingama-94 kwaye ijongana nohlobo kunye nefuthe lolwazi 'olunikiweyo' kwiingxaki zejometri. Ngokwahlulwahlulwa kwamanani: Omnye umsebenzi obalulekileyo kaEuclid kodwa usinda ngokuyinxenye kuguqulelo lwesiArabhu. Ifana nomsebenzi (wenkulungwane yesithathu) ka'Heron waseAlexandria 'Catoptrics: Ngomnye umsebenzi obalulekileyo onxulumene nembono yemathematics yezibuko. UJ J O'Connor kunye no-E F Robertson, nangona kunjalo, jonga u-'Theon wase-Alexandria 'njengombhali oyinyani. I-Phaenomena: Iphosa ukukhanya kwi-astronomy. Iyafana ngokumangalisayo kwi-'KuMoya oShukumayo 'ngu-Autolycus wasePitane, ochume malunga ne-310 BC. I-Optics: Lo msebenzi wabelana ngolwazi malunga nembono yoluvo kwaye lelona xesha lakuqala lokusinda kunyango lwamaGrike ngombono. Ngaphandle kwale misebenzi mihlanu ikhankanywe ngentla, ikho eminye imisebenzi ebangelwe nguEuclid, kodwa ilahlekile. Ezi zii 'Conics', 'Porisms', 'Pseudaria' kunye ne 'Surface Loci'. Ukongeza koku, imithombo eyahlukeneyo yaseArabhu ithathela ingqalelo uEuclid njengombhali wemisebenzi eliqela ngoomatshini. Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsi 
Ubomi boBuntu kunye nelifa Akukho lwazi luninzi kunye neerekhodi ezinxulumene nobomi bobuqu bukaEuclid kodwa ababhali bembali bakholelwa ukuba uphefumle okokugqibela malunga ne-260 B.C. Incwadi yakhe edumileyo i-Element ekugqibeleni yaguqulelwa ukusuka kwisi-Arabhu ukuya kwisi-Latin ngu-Campanus. Ukongezwa kokuqala okufanayo kwavela ngo-1482 eVenice. Ngo-1570, uJohn Dee waguqulela iThe Element ngesiNgesi. Iintetho zikaDee zikwazile ukuvuselela umdla kwimathematics eNgilane. Ingcali yezibalo e-Italiya, u-Girolamo Saccheri, ngo-1733 wazama iminyaka ukuyigqwesa imisebenzi ka-Euclid kodwa iinzame zakhe zokuyiphikisa zaba lilize njengoko engazange afumane nesiphako esinye kwiingcamango zika-Euclid. Ekugqibeleni, wayeka kwaye wapapasha i-Euclid Cleared of All Faida. Ilifa elashiywa nguEuclid likhulu kakhulu. Waphefumlela abantu abafana no-Abraham Lincoln, owayehlala ephethe i-Elements kunye naye kuyo yonke indawo kwaye wayehlala ecaphula ubuhlakani kwiintetho zakhe. U-Euclid waphembelela izithandi zobulumko nezazi zemathematika ezinje ngoNewton noDescartes abathi baxhasa imisebenzi yabo yefilosofi besebenzisa ifomathi kunye nolwakhiwo lukaElucid. Baye bahamba kwimigaqo elula besiya kwiingqondo ezinzima njenge-Elucid. Amanqaku ayi-10 aphezulu obungazi malunga ne-Euclid Igama elithi Euclid lithetha 'owaziwayo, ozukileyo. Incwadi yakhe 'Elements' isebenze njengeyona ncwadi iphambili yokufundisa imathematics ukusukela ngexesha lokupapashwa kwayo ukuya kuthi ga ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20. Uninzi lwabanye abafundi bezibalo abangamaGrike abavela kwiArchimedes ukubheka phambili babembiza 'njengombhali wee-Elements' kwaye hayi ngegama. Abanye abaphengululi bakholelwa ekubeni uEuclid wayengengomntu wembali kwaye imisebenzi yakhe yabhalwa liqela leengcali zezibalo ezathi zadibanisa igama elithi Euclid. Nangona kunjalo, bukhona ubungqina obuncinci bokuxhasa le hypothesis. I-Euclid's Optics yayiyeyokuqala i-dissertation yamaGrike ngokubona ngokukhanya. Umsebenzi wakhe 'wokwahlula amanani' usinda ngokuyinxenye kuguqulelo lwesiArabhu. Imbali ngobomi bukaEuclid yanikwa ngababhali baseArabhiya nangona abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba lo msebenzi ububuxoki. Abaguquleli bamaxesha aphakathi nabahleli babedla ngokumdida uEuclid nesithandi sobulumko uEukleides waseMegara owayephila malunga nenkulungwane ngaphambili. Inkqubo yejiyometri ayichaze ‘kwii-Elements’ kubhekiswa kuyo njenge-Euclidean geometry yokwahlula kwezinye ezibizwa ngokuba zii-geometri ezingezo-Euclidean ezazifunyenwe ziingcali zezibalo ngenkulungwane ye-19. Kuhlala kusithiwa ‘ii-Elements’ yenye yezona ncwadi ziguqulelweyo, zipapashiwe, kwaye zifundwa kuzo zonke iincwadi eziveliswe kwilizwe laseNtshona.
