Igama lomnxeba:U-E Vert Galant, uHenri le Grand, uLe Bon Roi Henri, uKumkani uHenry olungileyo
Usuku lokuzalwa: Nge-13 kaDisemba ,1553
Wafa eneminyaka: 56
Umqondiso welanga: Isagittarius
Uzalwe e:I-Pau, iPyrénées-Atlantiques
Idume njenge:UKumkani waseFrance, uKumkani waseNavarre
Abalawuli kunye neeKumkani Amadoda amaFrentshi
Usapho:
Iqabane / Ex-:UMargaret waseFransi
utata:UAntoine waseNavarre
umama:UJeanne III waseNavarre
abantakwenu:UCatherine waseBourbon
abantwana:UCatherine Henriette de Bourbon, uCesar, uChristine waseFrance, uDuke wase-Orléans, uDuke waseVendôme, uElisabeth waseFrance, uGaston,Ukubulawa
UMsunguli / uMsunguli:Umkhosi weSizwe wasePrytanée
Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsiKuyacetyiswa Wena
UAlbert II, uPrincin ... UNapoleon Bonaparte UWilliam the Con ... UCharles X kaFr ...Ngubani uHenry IV waseFrance?
UHenry IV waseFrance, owayelawula ukusuka ngo-1589 de kwasekufeni kwakhe ngo-1610, wayengukumkani wokuqala waseBourbon ukuhlala etroneni yaseFrance. Ngaphambi koko, wayesaziwa njengoHenry III waseNavarre kwaye wayelawula urhulumente ukusuka ngonyaka we-1572 ukuya kowe-1610. Ukunyuka kukaHenry IV kwitrone yaseFrance kwakugquba impikiswano. Umanduleli wakhe, uKing Henry III wayengowendlu yeValois. Wayengenaye owangena ezihlangwini zesilisa kwaye umthetho weSalic wawungabavumeli abafazi okanye inzala yabo ukuba ihlale etroneni. Kwelinye icala, uHenry waseNavarre wayeyinzala ka-King Louis IX. Ngenxa yoko, uHenry III wanyanzelwa ukuba amazi njengelandela lakhe. Ukanti, izidwangube ezininzi zamchasa ubukumkani bakhe ngenxa yokuba uHenry wayengumProtestanti. Ekugqibeleni, kwafuneka asebenzise amandla omkhosi ukuhlala etroneni. Kwangelo xesha, wayeyindoda yombono kunye nesibindi. Kungekudala waphumelela iintliziyo zabalawulwa bakhe ngezenzo ezininzi zobubele. Ngaphantsi kwakhe iFrance yayonwabela impumelelo kunye nokukhathalela kwakhe imeko yezemali yeepasants yayixatyiswa kakhulu. Wayedla ngokubizwa ngokuba 'nguKumkani uHenry olungileyo' ngabantu bakhe abathembekileyo.
Ityala lemifanekiso https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_IV_of_France#/media/File:Henry_IV_en_Herculeus_terrassant_l_Hydre_de_Lerne_cad_La_ligue_Catholique_Atelier_Toussaint_Dubreuil_circa_1600.jpg (Isangqa seToussaint Dubreuil [Indawo yoluntu])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_IV_of_France#/media/File:Henri-Pourbus.jpg (Ifayile yokufaka iBhot / indawo kawonkewonke)
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile:Henry_IV_of_france_by_pourbous_younger.jpg (UFrans Pourbus oMncinci [Indawo yoluntu]) Ngaphambili Okulandelayo Ubuntwana kunye noBomi bokuqala UKumkani uHenry IV waseFrance wazalwa ngo-Disemba 13, 1553 ku-Queen Joan III wase Navarre nase Bearn kunye neqabane lakhe u-Antoine de Bourbon ePau. Esi sibini sasinabantwana abahlanu, apho uHenry III waseNavarre wazalwa okwesibini. Ngecala likayise, wayeyinzala ngqo yenkosi yenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithathu, uLouis IX waseFrance. UHenry III ’umkhuluwa kaNavarre umkhuluwa uHenry, uDuke waseBeaumont wasweleka eneminyaka emibini ngo-1553 kunye nomninawa wakhe uLouis Charles, u-Count of Marle wasweleka ngo-1557. Kuba uAntoine de Bourbon wayengumKatolika, uHenry III wabhaptizwa njengomnye. Ukususela ngo-1561 ukuya ku-1566 uHenry III waseNavarre wachitha ixesha elininzi nabazala bakhe besibini, abantwana bakaKumkani uHenry II waseFrance. Wabuyiselwa eBarn xa wayeneminyaka eli-13. Imfundo yakhe yasemkhosini yaqala ngaxeshanye. Ukumkanikazi, owayengumlandeli kaJohn Calvin, waqala ukumkhulisa njengomProtestanti. Ngelo xesha, ungquzulwano phakathi kwamaProtestanti namaKatolika lwalusele luqalisile. Ekwindla lowe-1567 ukumkanikazi waqalisa iphulo lokulwa nenkosi yamaKatolika eyayivukela eMzantsi Navarre. UHenri III, owayeneminyaka elishumi elinesine ubudala ngoko, waba yintloko yayo ngegama. UHenri III waseNavarre waya kolunye uhambo ngo-1568; Ngeli xesha phantsi kobunkokheli bomntakwabo uLouis I de Bourbon, iPrince de Condé. Nangona kunjalo boyiswa ngo-Matshi 30, 1569. INkosana esencinci emva koko yaqhubeka nokufunda emkhosini phantsi kukaGaspard de Coligny. Ngo-1570, uHenri III waseNavarre wabekwa ukuba aphathe umkhosi wamaHuguenot. Iphulo elide ngendawo eyonakalisiweyo yafaka kuye umoya wezomkhosi oya kuhlala naye ubomi bakhe bonke. Wazikhethela ngokukodwa ngoJuni 26 kwidabi laseArnay-le-duc. Uxolo lwagqitywa ngo-Agasti, 1570. Ukomeleza uxolo, umtshato walungiswa phakathi kweNkosana uHenri III waseNavarre noMargaret waseValois, intombi kaKumkani uHenri II waseFrance. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphambi kokuba umtshato uqinisekiswe ukumkanikazi waseNavarre, uJoan III, wasweleka ngoJuni 9, 1572. NjengoKumkani waseNavarre Utata kaHenri u-Antoine de Bourbon wayesele eswelekile ngo-1562. Ekuswelekeni kukamama wakhe ngo-1572, ngoku uHenri wenyuka esihlalweni sobukhosi saseNavarre waqala ukubizwa ngokuba nguHenri III waseNavarre kunye neNkosi enguMongami waseBarn. Umtshato kaHenri noMargaret waseValois wenzeka nge-18 ka-Agasti ka-1572. Yalandelwa kukubulawa kwabantu abangamawaka amaProtestanti, abeza eParis emtshatweni. Eyaziwayo kwimbali njengoSuku lwaBantu baseSanta Bartholomew, lwasasazeka kwezinye iindawo zelizwe ngokukhawuleza. UKumkani uHenri III waseNavarre wasinda cebetshu ekufeni; kodwa kwafuneka ndithembise ngokuba ngumKatolika. Ngaphezu koko, wavalelwa kwiNkundla yaseFransi de kwangowe-1576 emva koko wasinda. Ekumkeni eParis uKumkani wabuya wabuya wabuya kwiCawa yamaProtestanti. Ukuphela konyaka kwaqhambuka imfazwe yamakhaya kwakhona. UKumkani waseNavarre wabonakalisa ukuqonda okugqithisileyo kwaye waqinisekisa abo akholwa nabo ukuba basamkele iSivumelwano saseBergerac ngoSeptemba 17, 1577. INkosana uFrancis, uDuke waseAnjou noAlençon, umzalwana nendlalifa yokumkani u-Henry III waseFrance, wasweleka ngoJuni. 10, 1584. Ngokufa kwakhe, uHenri III waseNavarre waba 'yindlalifa ekhukhumeleyo' kwitrone yaseFrance. UHenry III waseFrance wayengenayo enye indlela ngaphandle kokumamkela njengelandela lakhe. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba uHenri III waseNavarre wayengumProtestanti, izidwangube zamaKatolika zenkundla yaseFrance zala ukumamkela njengokumkani wazo. UPapa wema kunye nabo. Ungquzulwano lwakhokelela 'kwiMfazwe yeeHenry ezintathu'. Ngo-Okthobha u-20, 1587, uHenry III wase Navarre woyisa umkhosi wase-France kwi-Battle of Coutras. I-League of Nobles echasene noKumkani uHenry III waseNararre emva koko wagqiba kwelokuba afune uncedo kuKumkani waseSpain waseKatolika. Abanye bacebisa ukuba umthetho weSalic mawurhoxiswe. Zombini zazinokulujongela phantsi ulawulo lwaseFrance. Umanyano lwaluthathe nolawulo lweParis. Eqonda le meko, uKumkani uHenry III wase-France wagqiba kwelokuba enze uxolo no-King Henry III wase Navarre. Bobabini bangqinga iParis ngoJulayi 30, 1589. Nangona kunjalo, uKumkani uHenry III wase-France wagwintwa ngo-Agasti 2 kwaye uKumkani uHenry III waseNavarre waba yintloko yeFrance. Imfazwe phakathi kweKing kunye neLigi yaqhubeka iminyaka esithoba. Uninzi lwezidwangube ezazixhasa uKumkani uHenry III wase-France zayishiya iNavarre. Nangona waphumelela iimfazwe ezimbalwa eziphambili, iParis yahlala iphantsi kolawulo lweLigi. Nomkhosi wakhe wawudiniwe. Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsi NjengoKumkani uHenry IV waseFrance Ekugqibeleni, kwiingcebiso zexesha elide inkosikazi yakhe uGabrielle d'Estrées uHenry III waseNararre wagqiba kwelokuba abuyele kubuKatolika. NgoJulayi 25, 1593 wabhengeza iinjongo zakhe kwaye wamkeleka kuninzi lwezifundo zakhe. NgoFebruwari 27, 1594 uKumkani uHenry III waseNararre wathweswa isithsaba njengoKumkani uHenry IV waseFrance kwiCathedral yaseChartres. Nangona kunjalo, i-League of Nobles yayisomelele kakhulu kwaye incedwa nguKumkani waseSpain, baqhubeka nemvukelo yabo. Ke ngoko, ngoJanuwari, 1595, uKumkani omtsha wabhengeza imfazwe nabo. NgoJuni, ngo-1595, waye woyisile izidwangube ezazisele kunye namahlakani azo aseSpain eFontaine-Française eBurgundy. Ngo-1597, wayebambe u-Amien. Ngomhla we-2 kaMeyi, ngo-1598 kwafikelelwa ngoXolo lweVervins phakathi kweFrance neSpain. UKumkani uHenry IV waseFrance ngoku wayenalo ixesha lokugxila ekubuyiseleni ucwangco nasekuziseni ukuchuma kubukumkani bakhe obutsha. Impumelelo kaKumkani uHenry IV waseFrance NgoAprili 13, 1598, uHenry IV waseFrance wasayina iEdict of Nantes. Yaqinisekisa ubuRoma Katolika njengenkolo karhulumente kwaye kwangaxeshanye, yanika inkululeko yonqulo kumaProtestanti. Kwaye yaphelisa ngokufanelekileyo iMfazwe yeNkolo eyayikhathaze iFrance ixesha elide. Emva koko wabeka ingqondo yakhe ekuphuculeni imeko yezemali kurhulumente wakhe. I-Edict of Paulette, eyabhengezwa ngo-1604, yamnceda ekupheliseni ityala lesizwe kunye nokwenza uvimba. Nangona kunjalo, yawanciphisa amandla okuqeshwa kwinqanaba elikhulu. Ukuphucula imeko yezifundo zakhe waqala ngokuchitha imigxobhozo kunye nokukhuthaza ezolimo. Ukwakhuthaze ukwenziwa kwezinto zodidi ezifana nesilika, izinto zeglasi nezinto zokuhombisa, ezazithunyelwe ngaphambili zisuka phesheya. Ukuphucula ukuthuthwa, mininzi imijelo, iibhlorho kunye noohola bendlela abakhiweyo. Ngaphambili kwezomkhosi, waqinisa umda welizwe kwaye womeleza umkhosi. Utyikitye uninzi lwezivumelwano namagunya angaphandle kwaye wathumela abathunywa kwiMpuma Ekude naseIndiya. Wayecwangcise nokujika iParis ibe liziko lobugcisa kunye nemfundo. I-Collège Prytanée Militaire de la Flèche yakhiwa ngexesha lakhe. Ubomi bobuqu kunye nelifa NjengoKing Henry III waseNavarre, wayetshatele uMargaret waseValois, intombi kaKumkani uHenri II waseFrance, ngo-Agasti 18, 1572. Nangona kunjalo, esi sibini sasihlala sodwa kwaye singenangxaki. Ngo-1590, ukumkani wadibana noGabrielle d'Estrées waza wathandana naye. Nangona inkosi yayisele itshatile, esi sibini sasithandana ngokuphandle. UGabrielle wade wahamba nokumkani kwimikhosi yakhe yemfazwe kwaye wamkhathalela. Wayenabantwana abathathu kuye. Kwakhawuleza kwacaca ukuba uHenry IV kufuneka abe nomlandeli osemthethweni. Nangona wayefuna ukubhangisa umtshato wakhe noMargaret kwaye atshate noGabrielle kodwa ooceba bakhe zange bavume. Nangona kunjalo, ingxaki yasonjululwa kukusweleka kukaGabriell ngo-1599. Umtshato kaKing noMargaret wapheliswa kwangalo nyaka kwaye ngo-Okthobha ka-1600, inkosi yatshata noMarie d ’Medici. Esi sibini sasinabantwana abathandathu, apho uLouis XIII, owangena ezihlangwini zikaKing Henry IV wayengoyena mdala. UKumkani uHenry IV wathatha ezinye iimpazamo kwaye waba nabantwana nabo. Ngolo hlobo lokuphamba, wayebizwa ngegama 'E Vert Galant'. Amanye amagama akhe 'uHenri le Grand' kunye no 'Le Bon Roi Henri'. Ngaphandle kokuthandwa kwakhe kwenziwa iinzame ezininzi ebomini bakhe. UKumkani uHenry IV waseFrance ekugqibeleni wabulawa ngoMeyi 14, 1610 ngumntu owayenenzondelelo yempambano ebizwa ngokuba nguFrançois Ravaillac. Wahlatywa wasweleka eRue de la Ferronnerie xa inqwelwana yakhe yamiswa kukuvalwa kwendlela.
