Usuku lokuzalwa: Ngomhla wama-29 , Ngo-1917
Wafa eneminyaka: 46
Umqondiso welanga: IGemini
Uzalwe e:I-Brookline
Idume njenge:Umongameli wama-35 waseUnited States
Iingcaphuno zikaJohn F. Kennedy Abaongameli
umbono wezopolitiko:IDemokhrasi
Usapho:
Iqabane / Ex-:UJacqueline Bouvier
utata:UJoseph P. Kennedy Sr.
umama:URose Fitzgerald
abantakwenu:U-Edward Moore Kennedy, uEunice Kennedy, uJean Kennedy,Ukubulawa
Isixeko: IBrookline, eMassachusetts
Iingcamango: Iidemokhrasi
U.S. Urhulumente: EMassachusetts
UMsunguli / uMsunguli:Umanyano lomkhosi wase-US-Israeli
Iinkcukacha ezithe kratyaImfundo:IYunivesithi yaseHarvard (1940), iYunivesithi yasePrinceton, iKholeji yaseHarvard, iSikolo saseCanterbury, iSikolo seStanford seSikolo seShishini, iYunivesithi yaseStanford, iSikolo seLizwe i-Riverdale, i-Choate Rosemary Hall, i-London School of Economics,
amabhaso:Ngo-1944 - iMedali yeNavy kunye neMarine Corps
- Intliziyo ebomvu
Imbasa yeNkonzo yoKhuselo yaseMelika
-Imbasa yePhulo laseMelika
-Imbasa yePhulo laseAsia-Pacific (iinkwenkwezi ezi-3 zobhedu)
-Imbasa yeMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi
Kuyacetyiswa Wena
URobert F. Kennedy URosemary Kennedy UJoseph P. Yazi ... UJoe BidenNgubani uJohn F. Kennedy?
Isicatshulwa sikaKennedy, 'Sukuthandazela ubomi obulula. Thandazela ukuba ngamadoda omeleleyo ', isishwankathela ngokugqibeleleyo ifilosofi yakhe yobomi. Indoda enombono wexesha elizayo, uJohn Fitzgerald Kennedy wakhonza njengo-Mongameli wama-35 wase-United States. Uzalelwe kwisikhundla esiphakamileyo, ebandakanya ezopolitiko amaKatolika aseBoston, uKennedy wonyulwa njengoMongameli eneminyaka engama-43. Phambi kokuba angene kwi-ofisi kaMongameli, uKennedy wakhonza kwiNdlu yabaMeli base-US nakwiNdlu yeeNgwevu yase-US. Woyisa uSekela Mongameli kunye nomgqatswa weRiphabhlikhi uRichard Nixon ukuba abe nguMongameli wase-United States. Wayengoyena Mongameli mncinci owonyuliweyo kwaye waba ngumRoma wokuqala wamaRoma ukuba abambe isikhundla esaziwayo. UKennedy uyaziwa ukuba wadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuvuseleleni ezopolitiko zaseMelika. Nangona iintsuku zokuqala zobongameli bakhe zazisa umfanekiso ombi weNdlu eNgcwele eyayilawulwa nguKennedy, ngenxa yeBay of Pigs fiasco kunye neMfazwe ebandayo, kungenxa yobuchule bakhe bokuzimisela kunye nokuzithemba awathi wafumana isihloko sesinyanzelo. , inkokeli enomtsalane.Uluhlu olucetyiswayo:Uluhlu olucetyiswayo:
Iimodeli eziDumileyo zeNdima ongathanda ukudibana nazo Abongameli baseMerika abashushu, badweliswe Abantu abadumileyo esinqwenela ukuba babesaphila Awona maDabi aziwa kakhulu e-US
Ityala lemifanekiso https://gizmodo.com/john-f-kennedy-lived-with-more-pain-than-we-realized-1796789781 
Ityala lemifanekiso https://www.instagram.com/p/B8Rfd5_ARzC/ (john_f_kennedy145)
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile:John_F._Kennedy,_White_House_color_photo_portrait.jpg (UCecil Stoughton, iNdlu yeWhite / indawo kaRhulumente)
Ityala lemifanekiso http://althistory.wikia.com/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_(Great_Nuclear_War) 
Ityala lemifanekiso http://xmenmovies.wikia.com/wiki/John_F._Kennedy 
Ityala lemifanekiso https://marriedbiography.com/john-f-kennedy-biography/ 
Ityala lemifanekiso https://www.instagram.com/p/CH60UL2HMXP/ (johnfkenncdy •)Isikolo saseLondon sezoQoqosho Iinkokeli ezingamadoda Iinkokeli zeGemini Iminyaka kwezomkhosi Nangona uKennedy wayenqwenela ukujoyina umkhosi, ingxaki yakhe engapheliyo yangemva yayingamfanelanga ngempilo ngenxa yokuba uKennedy wazifumana indawo kwi-US Navy. Iposi lokuya kwiseshoni yoqeqesho kwiGosa loQeqesho loMkhosi oLungeleleneyo noQeqesho kunye neZiko leMoto iTorpedo Boat Squadron Training, uKennedy wathunyelwa ePanama nakwimidlalo yeqonga kamva ePacific, apho wafumana iwonga lokuba nguLieutenant wesikhephe se-PT. Ngo-1943, isikhephe sikaKennedy sasixhonywe ngumkhosi wemfazwe waseJapan. Engathandi ukuzinikela, wabonisa isibindi nobugorha kwaye wahlangula abasebenzi bakhe kwisiqithi esikufutshane apho basindiswa khona kwiintsuku ezintandathu kamva. Umzamo wamzisela imbasa ye-Navy kunye ne-Marine Corps 'ngokuziphatha ngobuqhawe' kunye ne-Purple Heart yokwenzakala kwakhe. Kwakuloo nyaka mnye (ngo-1943), uKennedy wathatha umthetho wephenyane elathatha inxaxheba kuhlangulo lwaselwandle kwisiqithi saseChoiseul. Kunyaka olandelayo, wabuyela eMelika apho wayefuna khona unyango kwaye wazikhulula emsebenzini.
Izicatshulwa: Akunakuze Abaongameli baseMelika Iinkokheli zopolitiko zaseMelika Amadoda eGemini Ukuphishekela ezopolitiko Ngo-1945 wathatha umsebenzi wokuba ngumnxibelelanisi okhethekileyo kwi-Hearst Newspaper. Umsebenzi awuzange umbonakalise nje kuphela kwi-journalism njengendlela enokwenzeka yokukhetha umsebenzi, kodwa naye wamzisa kwindawo yoluntu. Ngeli xesha, ukusweleka komkhuluwa wakhe, uJoseph Kennedy Jr wenza isithunzi sokuphoxeka kusapho lakwaKennedy, ngakumbi kuyise owayecinga ukuba unyana wakhe athathe isihlalo sikaMongameli wase-US. UKennedy wazithatha wazalisekisa amathemba kunye neminqweno yosapho kwaye waba yinkokheli yosapho. Ngo-1946, uKennedy wagcwalisa isikhundla sikaJames Michael Curley kwi-US House of Representatives, ebetha umgqatswa weRiphabhlikhi ngomehluko omkhulu-isikhundla sakhe sobugorha bemfazwe kunye nemvelaphi etyebileyo emncedayo kwinkqubo. UKennedy usebenze njengendlu yenkongolo iminyaka emithandathu. Nangona kunjalo, wayenomsindo ngumsebenzi. Isizathu sinye kukuba ngokungafaniyo neeprofayili awayeziphethe ngaphambili, umsebenzi wawungakhathali kwaye uyadika kwaye uxinzelela abameli abancinci, abangenamava njengaye ngemigaqo neenkqubo. Qhubeka nokufunda apha ngezantsi Ngendlela, kumzamo wokukhangela umsebenzi onempembelelo ngakumbi kwaye wenze igalelo 'lokwenyani', uKennedy wazigqatsela isihlalo se-US Senate. Iivoti zikaKennedy zazingaphezulu kwezo zalichasene neRiphabhlikhi, uHenry Cabot Lodge, uJr ngaloo ndlela encedisa uKennedy ukuba anyukele kwisikhundla esingcono kunye neqonga elikhulu. Ukuzalisa isihlalo seNdlu yeeNgwevu akuzange kube lula kuKennedy njengoko wayenengxaki enkulu yezempilo. Wayegula kakhulu amaxesha amaninzi, eyayichaza ukungabikho kwakhe kwiNdlu yeeNgwevu. Kwakungeli xesha uKennedy weza nencwadi ethi, 'Profile of Courage', enika ingxelo eneenkcukacha malunga neeSenators ezisibhozo ezazithathe amanyathelo angathandekiyo, ngaphandle kwento yokuba ibeka emngciphekweni imisebenzi yabo. Incwadi yayixatyiswe kakhulu kwaye yamzuzela iPulitzer Prize. Okwangoku, iprofayili yeNdlu yeeNgwevu nayo ayiphumelelanga ukukholisa uKennedy owayekruqukile kukusombulula imiba ethile eMassachusetts kwaye wayenomdla kumfanekiso omkhulu. Wayefuna ukuba yinxalenye yemiceli mngeni kwilizwe liphela kwaye asombulule iingxaki ezinxulumene nelizwe hayi ezo zinxulumene norhulumente. Ngo-1956, uKennedy wangenela unyulo luka-Mongameli, kodwa waphulukana no-Senator Estes Kefauver wase Tennessee. Ukungaphumeleli akuzange kumkhuthaze uKennedy owayekholelwa ukuba eli thuba lamnika ukubonakaliswa kwelizwe. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, uKennedy wonyulwa kwakhona kwi-Senate, woyisa umchasi weRiphabhlikhi uVincent J Celeste ukuba asebenze kwikota yakhe yesibini. Ukulandela oku, uKennedy wagqiba kwelokuba abalekele ubongameli. Ngo-1960 unyulo lokuqala lwe-Democratic, uKennedy waqalisa iphulo lakhe lonyulo luka-Mongameli. Ukhuphe ooSeneta uHubert Humphrey kunye noWayne Morse ukuba bajongane noSenator uLyndon B. Johnson kwindibano yaseLos Angeles. Ukoyisa le yokugqibela, uKennedy wonyulwa yindibano yeDemokhrasi njengomgqatswa wayo. Wakhetha uJohnson njengo-Mongameli kaMongameli. UKennedy wajongana nomgqatswa weRiphabhlikhi uRichard Nixon, owayenguSekela Mongameli kunyulo jikelele. Uthathe inxaxheba kwingxoxo kamongameli yokuqala yaseMelika kwimbali yase-US. Ngelixa wayebonakala ekhululekile kwaye ezithembile, uNixon wayenomsindo kwaye engonwabanga ngenxa yokuba abantu bavotele uKennedy kwaye bamthanda njengophumeleleyo. Ngomhla kaNovemba 8, 1960, uKennedy waba nguMongameli wama-35 wase-United States, woyisa uNixon ngomgama omncinci. Ukuchongwa kwakhe kwakuyimbali njengoko waba ngumongameli wesibini omncinci waseMelika, umongameli wokuqala wamaKatolika kunye nomongameli wokuqala owazalwa ngekhulu lama-20. Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsi Ubongameli bakhe UKennedy wabetha igolide kwintetho yakhe yokuqala apho waye wacela abemi ukuba basebenze ngakumbi kwaye babe noxanduva. Isicatshulwa sakhe 'Ungabuzi ukuba ilizwe lakho lingakwenzela ntoni; buza ukuba ungayenzela ntoni ilizwe lakho ’lamzisela igama. Wade wabiza isizwe ukuba sihlanganyele ekulweni ubuzwilakhe, ubuhlwempu, izifo kunye nemfazwe. Nangona idilesi kaKennedy yaveza ukuzithemba, enyanisweni, wakufumana kunzima ukuhambelana nombono wakhe wethemba ngenxa yoxinzelelo lokulawula izinto zopolitiko zemihla ngemihla ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe. Ngenjongo yokunceda amazwe angaphuhliswanga ehlabathi, uKennedy wabhengeza ukusekwa kwe Peace Corps, ekwathi kuyo kwaqeshwa abantu abatsha abali-10 000 ukuba basebenze e-Afrika, e-Asia nase Latin America. Eyona njongo iphambili yale mishini yayikukuphuhlisa ukuthembana kunye nentando entle kumazwe angaphuhliswanga. Kwimizamo yakhe yokuthintela ubukomanisi kunye nokuqinisa ubudlelwane obuqinileyo neLatin America, uKennedy waseka uManyano lweNkqubela phambili. Ngokwale nto, uncedo lwabonelelwa kumazwe aneengxaki kwaye kwamiselwa imigangatho yamalungelo abantu, ukunciphisa intlupheko kwingingqi.Xa uKennedy ethatha amandla, waxelelwa ngesicwangciso sika-Eisenhower sokuhlasela iCuba ngabantu baseMelika abaqeqeshwe ngokuchasene noCastro baseCuba ngoncedo. ye-CIA. Eyona njongo iphambili yesi sicwangciso yayikukukhuthaza abantu baseCuba ukuba basuse uCastro emandleni. Wakugqala ukuhlasela okwangqina ukusilela, njengoko uninzi lwabahlaseli babulawa okanye babanjwa. Thumela ukungaphumeleli kweBay of Pigs mission, uKennedy wenza 'iQela eliKhethekileyo' waqesha uGeneral Edward Lansdale ukuba eze nesicwangciso sokususa urhulumente waseCastro. Waye wafumanisa ukuba i-USSR ityale iziza eziphakathi eziphakathi kuluhlu lwee-missile eCuba. Ukuba i-US ihlasele iisayithi, kuya kubakho imfazwe yenyukliya kwaye ukuba i-US ayihlaseli, kuya kubakho isoyikiso esonyukayo ngenxa yoluhlu olusondeleyo lwezixhobo zenyukliya. Iziphumo zale ngxaki, nangona kunjalo, zajika zathandeka njengoko i-Cuba ivumile ukuba ichithe iziza zemijukujelwa, ukuba i-US ithembise ukungaze ihlasele iCuba isuse imijukujelwa yaseMelika eTurkey. Isigqibo sanika uKennedy iwonga leqhawe kunye nokuphucula ukuthembeka kwakhe phakathi kwabemi belizwe. Kwimiba ye-Asia-Mpuma ye-Asiya, uKennedy waxhasa urhulumente waseVietnam waseVietnam kaDi Din Dinh, kufana naphambi kwakhe. Wayekholelwa kwelokuba ukuba i-Vietnam yaba lilizwe lobukomanisi, ezinye ezinjenge Laos, Cambodia, Burma, Philippines, New Zealand ne Australia ziya kulandela. Kananjalo, uqhubekile nokubonelela ngenkxaso yezopolitiko, ezoqoqosho nezomkhosi eVietnam kumlo wokugqibela wokulwa nemikhosi yobukomanisi yase Ho Chi Minh. Igalelo likaKennedy kumgaqo-nkqubo wasekhaya lizise iziphumo ezixubeneyo. Ucebise iinkqubo ezintsha zentlalo ukuphucula imfundo, ukhathalelo lwempilo kunye nokuhamba kwabantu abaninzi. Ubuye wacebisa ngohlaziyo kwinkqubo yerhafu apho acebise ukunciphisa irhafu yengeniso kunye neerhafu zorhwebo. Nangona kunjalo, ayisiyonto ingako eyaprofetwa nguKennedy eyazalisekayo ngaphandle kokunyuka okuncinci komvuzo omncinci kunye nokuncipha kwerhafu. Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsi Phantsi kolawulo lukaKennedy, imeko yezoqoqosho yelizwe eyayiphantsi koqoqosho yaphumelela ngokuphawulekayo. I-GDP inyuke yaya kwi-5.5% ngelixa imveliso yezolimo inyuke nge-15%. Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuhlala kuzinzile kwi-1% kwaye ngokwezinga lokungabikho kwemisebenzi, kwehle kakhulu. Kwiphulo lakhe lobongameli, uKennedy waphikisana nokuza neZenzo zamaLungelo oLuntu, nangona kunjalo, njengoko uKennedy exhasa ukuhlanganiswa kobuhlanga kunye namalungelo oluntu, akazange enze lukhulu ukusombulula umba ekuqaleni. Kwakuku-1963 kuphela apho uKennedy wasungula umthetho wakhe wamalungelo oluntu apho abambalwa kunye nabacinezelweyo baqinisekiswa ngokufikelela kwizikolo zikarhulumente nakwezinye iindawo kunye nokukhuselwa kwamalungelo okuvota. 
Amabhaso kunye neMpumelelo I-Chief Herald yase-Ireland yanika uKennedy isibonelelo seengalo ngo-1961. Uyilo lweengalo lwalubonisa abo babekho kwiidyasi zika-O'Kennedys zase-Ormonde nakwi-FitzGeralds yase-Desmond, apho usapho lwaluphuma khona. Emva kokufa, uKennedy waxhaswa ngePacem kwiTerris Award. IsiLatin esithi 'Uxolo Emhlabeni' - eli wonga labizwa ngegama lencwadi ka-1963 ebhalwe nguPopu John XXIII ebiza bonke abantu abanomoya olungileyo ukuba baqinisekise uxolo phakathi kwazo zonke izizwe. Ubomi boBuntu kunye nelifa UKennedy wadibana nenkosikazi yakhe yexesha elizayo, uJacqueline Bouvier kwitheko lesidlo sangokuhlwa. Wayeyinkongolo ngeloxesha. Kunyaka kamva, emva kokonyulwa njengeNdlu yeeNgwevu, uKennedy wahamba indlela noJacqueline ngoSeptemba 12, 1953. Esi sibini sasikelelwa ngabantwana abane- u-Arabella, uCaroline B., uJohn F., Jr. kunye noPatrick B., ababini owafa eselusana. Kude kube ngumhla, uCarolina kuphela kwelungu elisaphilayo losapho lukaKennedy. UKennedy wayebandakanyekile kubudlelwane obuninzi bomtshato ngaphambi nasemva komtshato wakhe kuJacqueline. Abanye babafazi awayedlala nabo yayinguInga Arvad, uGene Tierney, uMarilyn Monroe, uGunilla von Post, uJudith Campbell, uMary Pinchot Meyer, uMarlene Dietrich, uMimi Alford kunye noPamela Turnure. UKennedy wayekhenketho lwezopolitiko eTexas ukuya kulungisa ubudlelwane phakathi kweenkululeko kunye nabalondolozi, xa wadutyulwa wabulawa. Wajongana nemipu emithathu, enye isemqaleni, enye kumqolo ongasentla enye entloko. Qhubeka nokuFunda ngezantsi kwangoko emva koko, wasiwa esibhedlele eParkland kodwa wasilela ukuphila. U-Lee Oswald, esebenza neTexas School Book Depository apho kwakukrokrelwa ukuba udubule khona, wagwetyelwa ukubulawa. Wabulawa nguJack Ruby, owathi naye wabanjwa wavalelwa. Kwiintsuku ezine emva kokubhubha kwakhe, i-Requiem Mass yaququzelelwa uKennedy kwiCathedral yaseSt. UMateyu uMpostile. Emva koko, wabekwa kwindawo encinci e-Arlington National Cemetery. Ngo-1967, umzimba kaKennedy wafuduselwa kwisiqwenga sokungcwaba isigxina kunye nesikhumbuzo eMangcwabeni. Ingcwaba lakhe lalikhanyiswe lilangatye elingunaphakade. Iklasi ye-37 ye-Cadet ye-Irish Army yayisebenza njengonogada wobungcwaba engcwabeni likaJohn Kennedy. Emva kokubulawa kwakhe, urhulumente waseCanada wahlonipha uKennedy ngokubiza intaba, iNtaba uKennedy. Ngo-1965, uRobert Kennedy wenyuka encotsheni yentaba wayokutyala ibhanile yeengalo entlanganisweni. U-Kennedy unegama lakhe kumaziko amaninzi emfundo kwihlabathi liphela kubandakanya i-John F. Kennedy School of Government kunye neYunivesithi yase John F. Kennedy. Ukongeza, zingaphezulu kwekhulu lezikolo, iikholeji ezazibizwa ngegama lakhe eNgilane, eGrisi, eMauritius, eNetherland, eCalifornia njalo njalo. Isikhululo senqwelomoya saseNew York sabizwa ngokuba yiJohn F. Kennedy International Airport nge-24 kaDisemba ngo-1963. IZiko lokuSebenza le-NASA eKapa eKanaveral labizwa ngokuba liZiko laseJohn F. Kennedy. Izakhiwo ezininzi, iindlela kunye neebhulorho kwihlabathi liphela kubandakanya iAsia, iYurophu, iFrance, iJamani, i-Itali, iNetherlands, iSpain zithiywe ngoJohn F Kennedy Inqaku Ebizwa ngokuba ngu-JFK kunye noJack, wakhonza njengo-Mongameli we-35 wase-United States. Nguye kuphela umongameli waseMelika ophumelele imbasa yePulitzer ngomsebenzi wakhe, iiProfayili kwiNkalipho, ngonyaka we-1957.
