Usuku lokuzalwa: NgoJanuwari 6 , Ngo-1883
Wafa eneminyaka: 48
Umqondiso welanga: Capricorn
Uzalwe e:Bsharri, eLebhanon
Idume njenge:Umzobi
Iingcaphuno nguKhalil Gibran Iimbongi
Usapho:utata:Khalil
umama:Kamila
abantakwenu:UMariana, uPeter, uSultana
Usweleke kwi: Epreli 10 , Ngo-1931
indawo yokufa:Isixeko saseNew York, eUnited States
Unobangela wokufa: Isifo sephepha
Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsiKuyacetyiswa Wena
UAssi Rahbani ULeonora carrington UAuguste Comte U-EpictetusNgubani uKhalil Gibran?
UKhalil Gibran wayengumzobi waseLebhanon, imbongi, isincoko kunye nefilosofi. Uzalelwe kwilali ekwanti kwiNtaba yeLebhanon iMutasarrifate, wayezimisele ukuchitha ixesha elininzi lobomi bakhe kude nelizwe lakowabo alithandayo. Xa wayeneminyaka elishumi elinambini, umama wakhe wabasa e-USA, apho aqala khona imfundo yakhe esesikweni. Ngethuba nje elifutshane, waqatshelwa ngumculi we-avant-garde kunye nomfoti, uFred Holland Day, owaqala ukuchuma phantsi koqeqesho. Kodwa uthe akubona ukuba uphenjelelwa kakhulu yinkcubeko yasentshona umama wakhe wambuyisela eBeirut ukuze afunde ngelifa lakhe. Ekubuyeni kwakhe e-USA, waqala wapeyinta kwaye wenza umboniso wakhe wokuqala eneminyaka engamashumi amabini ananye. Emva koko, waqala ukubhala, okokuqala ngesiArabhu, kamva ngesiNgesi. Imibhalo yakhe yadibanisa izinto zelifa ezimbini kwaye yamzisela udumo oluhlala luhleli. Nangona esaziwa njengombhali kunomzobi, wayetsalile imifanekiso engaphezulu kwamakhulu asixhenxe. Ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha elininzi lobomi bakhe e-USA, wayehlala engummi waseLebanon kwaye intlalontle yelizwe lakhe yayisondele entliziyweni yakhe.
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile:Algunos_miembros_de_Al-Rabita_al-Qalamiyya.jpg (Umbhali ongaziwayo Umbhali ongaziwayo, CC BY-SA 4.0, nge-Wikimedia Commons)
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile:Kahlil_Gibran_1913.jpg (Umbhali ongaziwayo Umbhali ongaziwayo, Indawo yasesidlangalaleni, nge-Wikimedia Commons)
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile:Khalil_Gibran_full.png (Umbhali ongaziwayo, Indawo yasesidlangalaleni, nge-Wikimedia Commons)UmphefumloQhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsiIimbongi zeCapricorn Amagcisa aseLebhanon Ababhali baseLebhanon Umsebenzi Ngelixa wayehlala eLebhanon, uKhalil Gibran wayehlala enxibelelana noJosephine Preston Peabody, imbongi eyaziwayo, awayekhe wadibana nayo ngaphambili komnye wemiboniso eyayibanjwe ngumcebisi wakhe uFred Holland Day. Ngo-1903, wamnceda ukuba abonise eminye yemisebenzi yakhe kwiKholeji yaseWellesley, eMassachusetts. Ngomhla we-3 kaMeyi, ngo-1904, wabamba umboniso wakhe wokuqala kwistudiyo soSuku eBoston. Apha wadibana noMary Elizabeth Haskell, owaziwa ngokunceda abantu abaliqela abanetalente. Wayengumnini weSikolo saMantombazana uHosell Haskell, kamva waba yintloko yesikolo saseCambridge. Ekholelwa ukuba iGibran inekamva eliqaqambileyo, uHaskell waqala ukumxhasa. Akamfundisanga isiNgesi kuphela, kodwa wamnceda nangezimali kwaye wasebenzisa ifuthe lakhe ukuqhubela phambili nomsebenzi wakhe. Nangona wayeneminyaka elishumi ubudala kuye, bobabini baba ngabahlobo kwaye bahlala njalo de kwasekufeni kwakhe. Ngobusika bowe-1904, istudiyo sosuku sabamba umlilo kwaye ipotifoliyo yonke yaseGibran yatshatyalaliswa. Emva koko waqala ukubhala iphepha lase-Arabhu, 'Al-Mouhajir' (uMfuduki), efumana i-2 yeedola ngenqaku ngalinye. Inqaku lakhe lokuqala lalinesihloko esithi 'Ru'ya' (Umbono). Ngo-1905, umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala wapapashwa eGibran. Isihloko esithi 'Nubthah fi Fan Al-Musiqa', yayingumsebenzi onomdla, kodwa ongakhulanga ngomculo. Kwangelo xesha, waqala ukufunda isiNgesi noHaskell. Ngo-1906, wayenomsebenzi wakhe wesibini, 'Ara'is al-Muruj' epapashiweyo. Yayiqulethe amabali amathathu amafutshane kwaye kamva yaguqulelwa njenge 'Nymphs yase-Valley' kananjalo 'njengoMtshakazi boMoya kunye nabatshakazi beNdawo'. Ukusukela kwakuloo nyaka, waqalisa ikholamu, ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Dam'a wa'btisama '(iinyembezi kunye nokuhleka). Incwadi yakhe yesithathu, i-'Al-Arwah al-Mutamarrida '(Imimoya evukelayo) yapapashwa ngo-1908. Kwakunemicimbi ethile yezentlalo enjengokukhululwa komfazi kunye nenkqubo yobukhosi exhaphakileyo eLebhanon. Bengayithandi le nto, abefundisi ekhaya basongela ngokumgxotha. Urhulumente wayikhalimela le ncwadi. Kwakhona ngo-1908, exhaswa nguHaskell, waya eParis ukuya kuphucula ubuchule bakhe kwi-pastel nakwioyile. Apha waphenjelelwa kakhulu ngumfuziselo kwaye wacelwa ukuba anikezele ngemizobo kwimiboniso emininzi. Imizobo yakhe 'Ekwindla' yamkelwe yiSociété Nationale des Beaux-Arts ngomboniso. EParis, wenza uthotho lwemifanekiso yeepensile zamagcisa aphambili anje ngoAuguste Rodin kwaye wadibana nabantu abaninzi abaziwayo. Nangona kunjalo, akazange azigqibe izifundo zakhe apho kodwa waya kukhenketho eNgilane ngaphambi kokuba abuyele e-USA ngasekupheleni kuka-1910. Qhubeka nokuFunda ngezantsi Ngo-1911, uGibran wafudukela eNew York, apho wayehlala khona bonke ubomi bakhe obufutshane. Emva koko, waqala ukusebenza kwincwadi yakhe elandelayo, 'Al-Ajniha al-Mutakassira' (Wings Wings). Ngowona msebenzi wakhe mde, ujongene nokukhululwa kwabafazi. Kukholelwa ukuba umlinganiswa ophambili ngumbhali ngokwakhe. Kwakhona ngo-1911, iGibran yasungula 'i-Arrabitah Al-Qalamyiah', umbutho ozinikele ekukhuthazeni imibhalo kunye neencwadi zesi-Arabhu. Ayincedi nje abanye ababhali baseArabhu, kodwa noGibran ngokwakhe waxhamla kakhulu kwimibutho yakhe. Ngokukhutshwa kwe 'Wings Wings', udumo lukaGibran lwaqala ukusasazeka. Ngoku waqala ukubalwa phakathi kweembongi ezaziwa kakhulu ze-‘Mahjar ’(imfuduki yama-Arabhu) kwaye waziwa njengoguquko. Ngo-1913, iGibran yaseka istudiyo esikhulu ngo-51, kwisitalato iWest Tenth, eNew York. Kwakuloo nyaka, wavelisa enye yeyona mizobo yakhe ibalaseleyo, 'IHermitage'. Nangona kunjalo, ngeli xesha, wagxininisa ngakumbi ekubhaleni kunezobugcisa. Kwi-1914, ngokuqala kweMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala, wanika umnxeba kubo bobabini abangamaKrestu nabangamaSilamsi baseLebhanon ukuba bamanyane balwe ne-Ottoman. Wayekhathazwa yinto yokuba engenakukwazi ukuya kuthatha inxaxheba emfazweni. Ithe yaqala indlala enkulu, yabulala malunga ne-100,000 labantu eBeirut naseNtabeni yeLebhanon, waqala ukuqokelela imali ukuze ancede isihlwele esasilambile. Ngeli xesha, ukuthandwa kwakhe eNew York kuyaqhubeka nokukhula. Ngo-1916, waba ngumphambukeli wokuqala ukujoyina ibhodi yoncwadi ye 'The Seven Arts Magazine.' Umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala wesiNgesi, owawunesihloko esithi 'The Madman: His Parables and Poems' wapapashwa ngo-1918. Kunyaka olandelayo, wapapasha amashumi amabini Imizobo yakhe ekwincwadi. Ibizwa ngokuba 'yimizobo engamashumi amabini', itsala umdla xa kuthelekiswa noWilliam Blake. Kuzo zonke ii-1920s, uGibran uqhubeke nokubhala zombini ngesiArabhu nangesiNgesi. Imisebenzi yakhe ephambili yama-Arabhu yayiquka u-'Al-Mawakib '(Inkqubo, yowe-1919),' Al-'Aawāsif '(Uqhwithela, 1920) kunye no-'Al-Bada'i' waal-Tara'if '(Omtsha kunye noMangalisayo, Ngo-1923). 'Forerunner: His Parables and Poems' (1920) and 'The Prophet' (1923) yayiyimisebenzi yakhe emibini yesiNgesi yeli xesha. Ngokukhutshwa 'koMprofeti', uGibran wafikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu lomsebenzi wakhe kwaye waba ngusaziwayo. Qhubeka nokufunda apha ngezantsi kwii-1920s, uHaskell, owayedlale indima ebalulekileyo kwikhondo likaGibran ngokungamncedisi nje kuphela ngokwezimali, kodwa nasekuhleleni imisebenzi yakhe, watshata wafudukela eSavanna. Ke ngoko, ukumncedisa ekuhleleni, uGibran waqesha imbongi uBarbara Young (elona gama lifihlakeleyo likaHenrietta Breckenridge Boughton). Ngeli xesha, impilo yakhe yaqala ukusilela. Ukanti, uqhubekile nokusebenza, epapasha i-'Sand and Foam 'ngo-1926 kunye' Kingdom of Imagination 'kunye no' Kalimat Jubran '(Spiritual Sayings) ngo-1927. Ngaxeshanye ngo-1926/1927, wasebenza,' UYesu, uNyana woMntu : Amagama aKhe kunye nezenzo zaKhe njengoko zaxelwa zaBhalwa ngabo babemazi ', eyipapasha ngo-1928. Emva koko, wapapasha incwadi enye kuphela,' The Earth Gods '(1931) ngexesha lokudla kwakhe ubomi. Zonke ezinye zapapashwa emva kokuba kusweleke umntu.
Iifilosofi zamadoda Izithandi zobulumko zaseLebhanon Amagcisa aMadoda kunye nabaPeyinti Imisebenzi emikhulu UKhalil Gibran ukhunjulwa kakuhle ngokupapasha kwakhe u-1923 'uMprofeti'. Kule ncwadi, imbongi ithetha ngezifundo ezingamashumi amabini anesithandathu ezahlukeneyo ezinje ngothando, umtshato, abantwana, umsebenzi, ukufa, ukuzazi, ukutya nokusela, ukonwaba nosizi, ukuthenga nokuthengisa, ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye nezohlwayo, ukuqiqa kunye nothando ngoMprofethi. Incoko ka-Almustafa neqela labantu. Uhlelo lokuqala lwencwadi, olubhalwe ngesiNgesi, lwathengiswa kwisithuba seminyaka emibini kwaye kude kube ngu-2012, yayithengise iikopi ezizizigidi ezilithoba kuhlelo lwayo lwaseMelika kuphela. Iguqulelwe kwiilwimi ezingamashumi amane.Iingqondi zaseLebhanon kunye neziFundo Amadoda aseCapricorn Ubomi boBuntu kunye neLifa Nangona uKhalil Gibran wayenemicimbi nabasetyhini abaninzi, wayehlala eyi-bachelor bonke ubomi bakhe. Kukholelwa ukuba emva kokubuya eParis ngo-1910, wacebisa uMary Elizabeth Haskell, kodwa wasikhaba eso sicelo ngenxa yokungafani kweminyaka yabo. Endaweni yokuba bahlala bengabahlobo ubomi babo bonke. Nangona wachitha eyona ndawo iphambili yobomi bakhe eMelika, wayehlala ethembekile kwilizwe lakhe kwaye engazange abuthathe ubumi baseMelika. Kwilifa lakhe, washiya isixa esikhulu kuphuhliso lweLebhanon ukuze abantu belizwe lakhe banganyanzelwa ukuba bafuduke. Ngo-Epreli 10, 1931, eneminyaka engamashumi amane anesibhozo, uGibran wasweleka kwisifo sesibindi kunye nesifo sephepha eNew York. Ekufeni kwakhe, i-The New York Sun yabhengeza ukuba 'uMprofeti Ufile' kwaye abantu besixeko babambe umlindo weentsuku ezimbini. Ukusukela oko wavakalisa umnqweno wokungcwatywa eLebhanon, uMary Haskell kunye nodadewabo owayesaphila uMariana baya eLebanon ngo-1932. Apho bathenga iMonastery yaseMar Sarkis bamngcwaba khona. I-monastery sele yaziwa ngokuba yiMyuziyam yaseGibran. Izakhiwo ezininzi kunye neepaki ezinje ngeMyuziyam yaseGibran eBsharri, eGibran Khalil Gibran Garden eBeirut, eKahlil Gibran Memorial Garden eWashington, DC, naseGibran Memorial Plaque eCopley Square, eBoston, eMassachusetts ziyaqhubeka nokuthwala ilifa lakhe. Ngo-1971, iSebe lezePosi kunye nezoThungelwano laseLebhanon lapapasha isitampu ngembeko ngo-1999, iArabhu American Institute Foundation yaseka uKhalil Gibran Spirit of Humanity Awards ngembeko yakhe. Eli bhaso linikezelwa minyaka le kubantu ngabanye, amashishini, amaziko, kunye noluntu ngomsebenzi wabo wokukhuthaza ukuqonda okukhulu kunye nokuxabisa iyantlukwano kunye nokubandakanywa. 
Izicatshulwa: Ixesha
