I-Biography kaKlemens von Metternich

Imbuyekezo Yophawu Lwe-Zodiac
Ukuqiqa

Fumana Ukuhambelana Nophawu Lwe-Zodiac

Iinkcukacha ezikhawulezayo

Usuku lokuzalwa: Ngomhla we-15 , Ngo-1773





Wafa eneminyaka: 86

Umqondiso welanga: ITaurus





Kwaziwa njenge:UKlemens Wenzel Nepomuk Lothar, iNkosana von Metternich-Winneburg zu Beilstein, uKlemens Wenzel Lothar von Metternich

Ilizwe lokuzalwa: Jemani



Uzalwe e:Koblenz, eJamani

Idume njenge:Owayesakuba nguNgqonyela waseJamani



Oonozakuzaku Iinkokeli zezopolitiko



Usapho:

Iqabane / Ex-:UAntoinette Leykam, uEleonore von Kaunitz, uMelanie Ferraris

utata:UFranz George Karl Bala iMetternich

umama:UMaria Beatrice Aloisia von Kagenegg

abantwana:UMarie-Clementine Bagration, uMelanie Metternich-Zichy, uRichard von Metternich

Usweleke kwi: Nge-11 kaJuni , Ngo-1859

indawo yokufa:IVienna, eOstriya

Iinkcukacha ezithe kratya

Imfundo:IYunivesithi yaseJohannes Gutenberg yaseMainz, kwiYunivesithi yaseStrasbourg

amabhaso:I Knights zoMyalelo woMoya oyiNgcwele
Knight ngokulandelelana kukaSaint-Michel
I-Knight yoMyalelo weNwele yegolide

Umyalelo woKhozi oluMnyama
I-Order of Merit yoBugcisa neNzululwazi
Ukulungiselela
Umyalelo ka-Saint Anna
Iklasi ye-1
Umyalelo ka-St. Alexander Nevsky
Umyalelo weSt. Andrew

Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsi

Kuyacetyiswa Wena

USebastian Kurz UArthur Seyss-In ... UAdolf hitler UKurt Waldheim

Wayengubani uKlemens von Metternich?

UKlemens von Metternich, okanye uKlemens Wenzel Nepomuk Lothar Fürst von Metternich-Winneburg zu Beilstein, wayengunozakuzaku wase-Austrian owayengumphathiswa wezangaphandle we-Austrian Empire (1809-1848) kunye nengqonyela (1821-1848). Uyakhunjulwa ngendima yakhe kwiiMfazwe zikaNapoleon kunye nokusingatha i-'Congress of Vienna 'ngo-1814-1815. Uye wanconywa ngabaninzi ngokudala umanyano lokuphumelela ngokuchasene noNapoleon I kunye nokwenza iAustria igunya elibalulekileyo laseYurophu. Wayegxekwa ngokuba lutshaba lwenkululeko kwaye wayejongwa njengomntu ozama ukumisa umanyano lweJamani ne-Itali. Nangona kunjalo, ukhunjulwa njengombonisi owanceda ukugcina uxolo eYurophu phakathi kwe-1815 kunye ne-1914. Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Inkosana_Klemens_Lothar_von_Metternich-Winneburg.jpg
(UThomas Lawrence [Indawo yoluntu]) Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile:Klemens_von_metternich_in_his_last_years_of_life.png
(Amadoda embali, i-fascicle 56 [CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)]) Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Klemens_Wenzel_von_Metternich.jpg
(UThomas Lawrence [Indawo yoluntu]) Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile: INkosana_Metternich_by_Lawrence.jpeg
(UThomas Lawrence [Indawo yoluntu]) Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Graf_Clemens_Metternich.jpg
(UFrançois Gérard [Indawo yoluntu]) Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Metternich_(c._1835-40).jpg
(Umzobi ongaziwayo [Indawo yasesidlangalaleni])Oonozakuzaku baseJamani Iinkokeli zase-Austrian Iinkokheli zopolitiko zaseJamani Umsebenzi wokuqala Ngo-1794, waya kwiphulo loonozakuzaku eNgilane, apho wapapasha incwadana echaza isidingo sokwakha umkhosi wabantu baseJamani. Ngo-Okthobha kwakuloo nyaka, wabuyela kuyise, ngelo xesha owayebalekele eVienna, emva kokuba amaFrentshi ehlasele iNetherlands. UMetternich wazibhaptiza kwizifundo zonyango kunye nezenzululwazi eVienna. Wayemele ubalo lwamaRoma Katolika aseWestphali ngasekupheleni 'kweCongress of Rastatt' (1797-1799). I-'Congress 'yaqinisekisa imbuyekezo kwiinkosana zaseJamani ezazinyanzelwe ukuba zihambe ngamaFrentshi. Ngo-1801, uMetternich wenziwa umphathiswa wase-Austrian kwinkundla yaseSaxon eDresden. Apho, wadibana nonozakuzaku waseJamani uFriedrich von Gentz. Wayekhonza njengomphathiswa wase-Austrian eBerlin emva kowe-1803 kodwa wasilela ukweyisela uFrederick William III wasePrussia ukuba axhase i-Austria kumlo owawusilwa ne-France ngo-1805. Nangona kunjalo, wafumana ulwazi ngongquzulwano lwangaphakathi kurhulumente wase-Prussia kwaye wabala ukuphela kwayo. Iimfazwe zikaNapoleon Ngo-1806, uMetternich wenziwa ummeli wase-Austrian e-France, emva kokuba i-Austria iphulukene neMfazwe yase-Austerlitz kwaye kwafuneka ukuba anikezele iindawo zakhe ezinkulu kwi-'Sivumelwano sase Pressburg. 'E-France, wadibana nodadewabo ka-Emperor Napoleon I , UCaroline Murat, kunye nabanye abantu baseParis. Ubudlelwane bakhe nala manenekazi, umphathiswa wezangaphandle u-Talleyrand, kunye nomthunywa wase-Russia bamnceda ukuba afumane ulwazi ngemicimbi yangaphakathi e-France. Waqokelela ulwazi oluninzi malunga noNapoleon. Nangona kunjalo, ngo-1809, iAustria yaphulukana neMfazwe yaseWagram, ngokuchasene neFrance. Ukulandela oku, iinzame zakhe zothethathethwano ngoxolo zamkelwa nguNapoleon. Ngo-Okthobha u-1809, u-Metternich wenziwa umphathiswa wezangaphandle wase-Austria. Wazama ukuphelisa ulawulo lukaNapoleon. Walungiselela ukutshata kukaNapoleon noMarie Louise, owayeyintombi yoMlawuli wase-Austrian uFrancis I. UMetternich wakhohlisa uNapoleon ukuba acinge ukuba i-Austria yayiza kuyixhasa iFrance ngexesha lokuhlasela kwayo i-Russia ngo-1812. Ngokwenyani, iAustria yayixhasa ngasese iRussia. Emva kokuba amaFrentshi enyanzelekile ukuba abuyele, uMetternich watyhila iinjongo zakhe zokwenyani. Wadibana nemikhosi ngokuchasene noNapoleon. Nge-26 kaJuni, ngo-1813, uMetternich kunye noNapoleon bajongana okokugqibela eDresden, apho uMetternich waxelela uNapolean ukuba sele eza kuphela. Qhubeka nokufunda apha ngezantsi, i-Austria yadibana ne-Russia, i-Prussia ne-Bhritane, kunye, babhukuqa uNapoleon ngo-1814. Ukulandela oku, u-Metternich wenziwa inkosana ye-Austrian Empire ngu-King Francis I. ICongress yaseVienna kunye ne-Confederation yaseJamani Amahlakani aphumeleleyo ngokuchasene noNapolean ahlanganisana ‘kwiCongress yaseVienna’ (ngoSeptemba 1814 – Juni 1815), apho uMetternich wayelawula khona ngeenkqubo. Nangona kunjalo, uNapoleon wakwazi ukubaleka e-Elba emva koko waphulukana neMfazwe yaseWaterloo. ‘KwiNkongolo,’ uMetternich wayenqwenela ukufumana isikhundla saseOstriya ngokwenza imibutho emibini, omnye wase-Italiya nomnye waseJamani, i-Austria ibe ligunya eliphambili kubo. Ubuye wacebisa malunga nokwenziwa kwetayitile yobukhosi yaseJamani. Wayefuna ukuba iOstriya nePrussia zisebenze kunye ukukhusela umda osentshona weJamani. Ngonobhala wangaphandle wase-Bhritane welo xesha, u-Robert Stewart, u-Viscount Castlereagh, u-Metternich wayeka ukutshabalalisa i-France. Wayecinga ukuba oku kufanelekile njengokuthintela amandla akhulayo aseRussia. Wayechasene nomgaqo-nkqubo wokuhlonyelwa ophakanyiswe yiRussia ne Prussia. Akazange axhase umnqweno wePrussia wokongeza iSaxony iphela. Nangona kunjalo, izicwangciso zakhe aziphumelelanga ngokupheleleyo. Iprojekthi yobukhosi yaseJamani ayixhaswanga nguFrancis. Umanyano lwase-Italiya aluzange lusekwe. Umanyano lwaseJamani lwasekwa ngoJuni 1815 kodwa alomelelanga. Nangona kunjalo, iMetternich yafumana ukulingana kwenqanaba leFrance. IPrussia yanciphisa amabango ayo eSaxony. Nokuba iRussia ithintelwe ekubeni ingene kwezinye izihlomelo. Yiyo loo nto i-Austria yaba ligunya elomeleleyo kumanyano lwamaJamani. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni umlawuli wasala isithsaba saseJamani, iPrussia yayinamagunya alinganayo. Ukuhla IMetternich yaseka inkqubo apho 'iiNkongolo' zaziza kudibana amaxesha ngamaxesha ukuxoxa ngeendlela zokuphelisa uguquko. I-'Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle '(1818), i-'Congress of Troppau' (1820), i-'Congress of Laibach '(1821), kunye ne-'Congress of Verona' (1822) balandela. Nangona kunjalo, kamva, i-Great Britain yala ukungenelela kwimvukelo yamanye amazwe. UViscount Castlereagh (eTroppau) kunye nomlandeli wakhe, uGeorge Canning, ngaloo ndlela banciphisa impembelelo kaMetternich eYurophu. Qhubeka nokufunda apha ngezantsi ngo-1821, uMetternich waba yiChancellor yeNkundla yase-Austrian kunye neChancellor kaRhulumente. Wayephethe ukugcinwa konyana kaNapoleon, uMlawuli waseReichstadt. Nangona inkqubo yakhe yaphazanyiswa ziinguqulelo ngo-1830 nango-1831, wayesenempembelelo enkulu kwezopolitiko zase-Yuropu kude kube ngoMatshi 13, 1848, xa wanyanzelwa ukuba arhoxe ngenxa yoqhushululu eVienna. Ukulandela oku, uMetternich waya ekuthinjweni nosapho. Baye baya eNgilane, apho uMlawuli waseWellington wamncedayo. Emva koku, bafudukela eBrussels. UMetternich wavunyelwa ukuba abuyele eVienna ngo-1851. Wayekwangumbhali onobunkunkqele. Imemori yakhe kamva yahlelwa yapapashwa ngunyana wakhe, uRichard, owayengummeli wase-Austrian kuNapoleon III. Usapho kunye noBomi baBakho UMetternich watshata no-Eleonore, u-Gräfin von Kaunitz, ngo-Septemba ka-1795. Ke, ngalo mtshato uMetternich waseka unxibelelwano nabanumzana base-Austria. Emva kokubhubha kuka-Eleonore ngo-1825, uMetternich watshata noBaroness Antoinette Leykam ngo-1827. Emva kokufa kuka-Antoinette ngo-1829, watshata noGräfin Melanie Zichy-Ferraris ngo-1831. UMelanie wasweleka ngo-1854. Wayenabantwana abasibhozo no-Eleonore, omnye no-Antoinette, kunye nabahlanu. noMelanie. Wayenomntwana ongekho mthethweni kunye nenkosikazi yakhe, uKatharina Skavronskaya. Unyana wakhe emtshatweni wakhe noAntoinette, uRichard, uFürst von Metternich, wasebenza njengeNxusa laseAustria eParis ukusukela ngo-1859 ukuya ku-1870. , naye wabulawa sisifo esinye. UMetternich wasweleka eVienna ngoJuni 11, 1859. Wayeneminyaka engama-86 ngexesha lokusweleka kwakhe.