Wazalwa:970
Wafa eneminyaka: Amashumi amahlanu
Uzalwe e:Ayisilend
Idume njenge:Umntu wokuqala waseYurophu ukufikelela eMntla Melika
Abahloli Amadoda eIceland
Usapho:
utata: UErik oBomvu UJames Cook UDouglas Mawson UJacob Roggeveen
Ngubani uLeif Erikson?
U-Leif Erikson wayengumhloli wamazwe wase-Iceland owaba ngowokuqala wase-Europe ukufikelela eMntla Melika, kwiminyaka engama-500 ngaphambi kukaChristopher Columbus. Unyana kaErik oBomvu, owayengumsunguli wendawo yokuhlala yaseYurophu eGreenland, uninzi lobomi bukaLeif Erikson buveliswa ngamasaga amabini, iSaga yeErik the Red kunye neGroenlendinga Saga. Nangona ezi zimbini ziqulathe iiakhawunti ezahlukileyo zohambo lukaErikson lokuya eNyakatho Melika kunye nokufunyanwa kweVinland, bayavumelana kwinto yokuba uErikson wafumana iMelika, kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba uChristopher Columbus afumane. U-Erikson wayehamba ngomkhumbi esuka eGreenland esiya eNorway apho waguqukela ebuKristwini nguKumkani waseNorway. Kwakukuhambo lwakhe lokubuyela emva kokuba waqhushumba kwaye ngenxa yoko wafumanisa uMntla Melika. Elinye ibali lithi u-Erikson, akuva ubukho bomhlaba osentshona eGreenland ngumrhwebi wase-Iceland, wabeka iiseyile zakhe ukuze afumane okufanayo. Nokuba yeyiphi na imeko, waba ngowokuqala waseYurophu ukubeka unyawo kwilizwe. Emva kokuchitha ubusika eVinland, wabuyela eGreenland ngolwandle ukuba angaze abuyele kunxweme loMntla Melika. U-Erikson wachitha ixesha elininzi lobomi bakhe kamva esasaza ubuKristu
Ityala lemifanekiso https://www.flickr.com/photos/jordan_a/481981372 
Ityala lemifanekiso http://www.deviantart.com/brows/all/?q=Leif+Eriksson&order=9 Ngaphambili Okulandelayo Ubuntwana kunye noBomi bokuqala U-Leif Erikson wazalwa ngo-970 AD ku-Erik oBomvu kunye nenkosikazi yakhe u-Thjodhild e-Iceland. Wayenabantakwabo abathathu, umntakwabo Thorsteinn kunye noThorvaldr, kunye nodade, uFreydis. Utata wakhe wagxothwa e-Iceland nto leyo eyamkhokelela ekubeni ahambe ngasentshona. Kwakungelo xesha lokuhamba apho u-Erik omkhulu wafumanisa indawo awayibiza ngokuba yiGreenland. Ngo-986 AD, waseka indawo yokuqala yokuhlala isigxina eGreenland. Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsi Kamva uBomi Kukholelwa ukuba uLeif Erikson kunye neqela lakhe basuka eGreenland baya eNorway ngo-999 AD. Ngaphantsi kwesikhokelo sikaKumkani waseNorway, u-Olaf Tryggvason, waguqukela ebuKristwini. Emva kokuguquka kwakhe, wathunywa ngukumkani ukuba azise inkolo yobuKrestu kwabanye abantu baseGreenland. Uhambo lwakhe lokubuyela ekhaya luthelekelela kakhulu. Ngokweminye imithombo, u-Erikson wabethwa ngumoya ebuyela eGreenland. Wafumanisa umhlaba owomileyo ekugqibeleni kwilizwekazi laseMntla Melika walibiza ngokuba yiVinland ngenxa yokuzala kwayo ngokubanzi kunye nobuninzi beediliya ezikhula apho. Ummandla ngoku waziwa ngokuba yiNova Scotia. Ngokwe-saga yase-Groenlendinga, u-Erikson mhlawumbi wayevile malunga ne-Vinland evela kumrhwebi wase-Iceland, u-Bjarni Herjólfsson owathi wabona umhlaba ngasentshona ye-Greenland emva kokuba bevuthelwe iminyaka elishumi elinesine ngaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, uHerjólfsson akazange alubeke unyawo lwakhe emhlabeni. Kuthiwa u-Erikson ngabom waya kuphulo lokuya kumhlaba osentshona njengoko kuchaziwe ngumrhwebi wase-Iceland. Uyise wayefanele ukuba ajoyine abasebenzi bamadoda angamashumi amathathu anesihlanu ababecwangcisile ukuhamba ngomkhumbi kodwa baphuma emva kokuwa ehashe. Ukujonga ukuwa njenge-omen embi, u-Erikson waguqula indlela yakhe ukunqanda nakuphi na ukungahambi kakuhle. Kukholelwa ukuba uErikson waqala wafika kwindawo enamatye neyinkqantosi awayibiza ngokuba yiHelluland. Ukuqhubela phambili, wafika kwindawo enamahlathi awathi igama linguMarkland. Iintsuku ezimbini zokuhamba ngenqanawa zathatha abasebenzi baya kwindawo eyayibonakala imnandi kwaye ichumile. Ngobusika busondela, abasebenzi bamisa apho kwaye bahlola lo mmandla. Ngexesha lolu phononongo, uTyrker wafumanisa ummandla ogcwele izidiliya kunye neediliya uErikson awathi ekugqibeleni wabiza iVinland. EVinland, u-Erikson wakha indawo yokuhlala encinci eyathi kamva yaziwa ngegama elithi Leifsbúðir (IiLeoth's Booths). Emva kokuchitha ubusika apho, yena kunye nabasebenzi bakhe bahamba ngomkhombe babuyela eGreenland. Intsomi iqhubeka ithi kuhambo lwakhe lokubuya, u-Erikson wahlangula amadoda amabini awayephukelwe ngumkhombe, ngaloo ndlela efumana isihloko esithi Leif the Lucky. Emva kokubuyela eGreenland kwilifa losapho lwakhe eBrattahlio, u-Erikson wagqiba umsebenzi awayewunikwe ngukumkani waseNorway wokusasaza ubuKristu. Waqala ukushumayela inkolo kubantu baseGreenland kwaye wabaguqula ngempumelelo. Unina wayengomnye wabantu bokuqala abaguqukayo abaqhubeka nokwakha icawe ngegama lakhe, iCawa kaThjóðhild. Kukholelwa ukuba uhambo oluphumeleleyo lukaErikson lukhuthaze amanye amadoda aseNorse ukuba alandele iinyawo zakhe. Umntakwabo, uThorvald kunye namanye amadoda aseNorse, baya eVinland. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-sagas iyakholelwa, kwabakho umlo phakathi kwamadoda aseNorse kunye nabantu bomthonyama nto leyo ekhokelele kwimpi kunye nasekubulaleni. Ukulandela ubundlobongela kunye nobundlobongela, akukho ndawo yokuhlala i-Norse ehlala eVinland, nangona amadoda aseNorse ahlala ehamba ngomkhumbi eMarkland ngokutya, imithi kunye nentengiso. Olu hambo lokurhweba lwaqhubeka kangangeenkulungwane emva koko. Qhubeka nokufunda Apha ngezantsi u-Erikson wakhankanywa ephila ngo-1019. Kucingelwa ukuba wayedlulisele ubukumkani bakhe kunyana wakhe uThorkell ngo-1025. Izinto eziPhambili eziPhambili Igalelo elikhulu lika-Erikson liye laba ngowokuqala ukufumanisa iYurophu eMntla Melika. Akazange nje abe ngumhloli wamazwe wokuqala waseNorse ukufikelela kunxweme lwaseNyakatho Melika kodwa waseka indawo yokuqala yeNorse eVinland (namhlanje yiNova Scotia). Indawo ekuthiwa yi-L'Anse aux Meadows, ikwincam esemantla yeNewfoundland kwilizwe laseKhanada langoku. Ubomi boBuntu kunye nelifa Kukholelwa ukuba ngelixa ebesendleleni esuka eGreenland esiya eNorway, u-Erikson wabethwa ngumoya esiya eHebrides, apho wagqibela ngokuhlala ixesha elininzi ehlotyeni. Kwakuxesha lokuhlala kwakhe apho awathandana khona nomntu obekekileyo u-Thorgunna. Basikelelwe ngonyana, uThorgils. UThorkell ngomnye unyana wakhe, kodwa hayi evela eTorgorg. Nangona kungekho nto ibambekayo eyaziwayo ngokusweleka kukaErikson, kukholelwa ukuba wasweleka phakathi kuka-1019 no-1025. Emva kokusweleka kwakhe, unyana wakhe uThorkell wathatha ubukhosi bakhe. Ngo-1960, uphando lwenziwa sisibini saseNorway, uHelge Ingstad ongumhloli wamazwe kunye nenkosikazi yakhe u-Anne Stine Ingstad wezinto zakudala. Batsho ukuba indawo yokuhlala yaseNorse yayihlala kwindawo ephezulu kumantla eNewfoundland. Indawo yaziwa ngokuba yi-L'Anse aux Meadows. Ibhalwe njengeyona ndawo yakudala yaseYurophu eMntla Merika, kwaye ngaphezulu kwezinto ezingama-2 000 zeViking zifunyenwe kuyo. Ukufunyanwa kohambo lwembali luka-Erikson oluya eMntla Melika lwenze lukhulu ekuvuseleleni isazisi sabantu baseMelika baseMelika nabafuduki baseNordic. Ukufumanisa kwabanika amandla malunga nokuzazi kwabo. I-United States of America ilamkele igalelo likaErikson njengomphandi ngokwenza imifanekiso yakhe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kubandakanya, iBoston, iMilwaukee, iChicago. Nge-9 ka-Okthobha ibhiyozelwa njengoSuku lukaLeif Erikson minyaka le. Ngelixa imibhiyozo yayilinganiselwe eWisconsin ngaphambili, ngo-1964 i-United State Congress yagunyazisa yaza yacela ukubhiyozelwa kwilizwe liphela. Inqaku Lo mhloli waseYurophu wafumanisa uMntla Merika kwiminyaka engama-500 ngaphambi kokuba uChristopher Columbus ayifumane ngo-1492.
