Wazalwa:540 BC
Wafa eneminyaka: 60
Ilizwe lokuzalwa: Grisi
Uzalwe e:Sparta, eGrisi
Idume njenge:Kumkani weSparta yakudala
Iinkokeli zomkhosi Amadoda amaGrike
Usapho:Iqabane / Ex-:Gorgo, uKumkanikazi waseSparta
utata:I-Anaxandridas II
abantakwenu:UCleombrotus, uCleomenes I, uDorieus
abantwana:IPleistarchus
Usweleke kwi: Nge-11 ka-Agasti ,480 BC
indawo yokufa:Thermopylae
Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsiKuyacetyiswa Wena
Iithemistocles IPyrrhus ye-Epirus USeleucus I Nicator PompeyWayengubani uLeonidas I?
U-Leonidas I wobukhosi beAgiad wayengomnye wookumkani ababini beSparta yamandulo ngexesha leminyaka ngokukhawuleza ekhokelela 'kwiMfazwe yesiBini yamaPersi'. Umlawuli we-17 womnombo wakhe, wayengumphathi wemikhosi yamaGrike engama-7000 (uqikelelo lwangoku) ngokuchasene nomkhosi wamaPersi ohlaselayo wama-300,000 (uqikelelo lwangoku) ‘kwidabi laseThermopylae’. Ngelixa ookumkani bexesha elizayo beSparta babengaxolelwanga kwigeji, imfundo engqongqo kunye nenkqubo yoqeqesho lomlo olwaluphantsi kwabo bonke abemi besixeko, uLeonidas wayifumana ngokufanayo, engenguye owangena ezihlangwini zikayise. Waba ngukumkani osebenza naye eSparta kwiminyaka engama-50. Iminyaka elithoba kulawulo lwakhe, iGrisi yahlaselwa ngumlawuli wasePersi uXerxes I njengempendulo yokulibaziseka ekoyisweni ‘kwiMfazwe yokuqala yamaPersi’ ngo-490 BC. Umdibaniso wezomkhosi owaziwa njenge ‘League yaseKorinte’ wenziwa phantsi kobunkokheli baseSpartan phakathi kwamazwe-alwayo edolophu kwaye kwagqitywa kwelokuba iSparta izakukhokela ukukhusela indawo encinci yeThermopylae eyayidibanisa iThesaly elawulwa yiPersia kumbindi weGrisi. Kwidabi elalandelayo leentsuku ezintathu, onke amajoni omkhosi wamaGrikhi ngaphandle kwama-400 amaThebhu awayezinikezele kuKumkani Xerxes abulawa. ULeonidas kunye namagorha akhe abulawelwe ukholo baba luphawu lokuthand 'izwe kunye nokuzincama ukusukela ngoko kunye neendlela zabo zokulwa kwimicimbi yentetho kwizikolo zomkhosi.
Ityala lemifanekiso https://grecoroman.library.villanova.edu/ancient-greece/battles/thermopylae/ 
Ityala lemifanekiso https://www.awesomestories.com/asset/view/Leonidas-I 
Ityala lemifanekiso https://www.shapeways.com/product/2XFDRT92U/1-9-scale-leonidas-i-king-of-sparta-480-bc-bust 
Ityala lemifanekiso https://www.interalex.net/2013/10/leonidas-of-sparta-info-oct-19-2013.html 
Ityala lemifanekiso https://www.greekboston.com/culture/ancient-history/leonidas/ Ngaphambili Okulandelayo Ubuntwana kunye noBomi bokuqala Ukuba 'Iimbali' zikaHerodotus kufuneka zikholelwe, uLeonidas, owazalwa ngo-540 BC, wayengunyana ophakathi kuKumkani Anaxandridas II waseSparta kunye nenkosikazi yakhe yokuqala, owayekwangumtshana wakhe. UKumkani Anaxandridas II kunye nenkosikazi yakhe yokuqala babengenabantwana iminyaka emininzi. Ngokuya ngokuchasene neengcebiso ze'efors ', ibhunga leenkokheli ezintlanu ezonyulwe minyaka le zomgaqo-siseko waseSpartan, ukuthatha umfazi wesibini kwaye zibekele bucala eyokuqala, uAnaxandridas wagomela ukuba umfazi wakhe akanatyala. Ekugqibeleni waxhonywa ngokuvunyelwa ukuba atshate okwesibini ngaphandle kokuchitha umtshato wangaphambili. UCleomenes yayinguAnaxandridas unyana wokuqala wokuzalwa ngomfazi wakhe wesibini. Kodwa emva konyaka, umfazi wakhe wokuqala wamzalela unyana, uDorieus, kwaye wayeza kuzala abanye ababini, uLeonidas noCleombrotus. Ukuba ngowesithathu kumgca wokulandelelana, uLeonidas kwafuneka angene kwilokhwe ukufumana ubumi obugcweleyo (homoios). Abantu baseSpartan babenoluntu lomkhosi; bakugqala ukunikela ngobomi kurhulumente njengesixhobo esifanelekileyo kunye noxanduva lomntu ngamnye. Uqeqesho lokuba ngumlo we-hoplite kufuneka ukuba lwenza ukuba ahlonitshwe ngabantu belizwe lakhe. Ngo-519 BC, uCleomenes wenziwa ukumkani. UDorieus, ekholelwa ukuba ufanelekile, akakwazanga ukwamkela ukuhlala phantsi kolawulo lukaCleomenes kwaye waya eMantla eAfrika ukumisela ikoloni apho. Akwaziwa nokuba uLeonidas 'wayewaxhasa na amabango wabantakwabo okanye hayi. ULeonidas watshata nentombi kaCleomenes uGorgo, elandela isithethe semitshato evulekileyo njengabazali bakhe ngaphambi kwakhe. Ngexesha 'leMfazwe yaseSepea' ngokuchasene neArgos ngo-494 BC, wayesele ebizwa ngegama lokuba yindlalifa kaCleomenes njengoko lo mva wayengenamcimbi wobudoda. Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsi Ukungena kunye nolawulo Emva kokusweleka kogonyamelo nokumangalisayo komntakwabo, uLeonidas wenyuka waya kwitrone yaseAgiad ngo-490 BC. I-Sparta ngokwembali yayilawulwa ziintsapho ezimbini, ii-Agiads kunye nee-Eurypontids, ezazikholelwa ukuba zehle kumawele e-Eurysthenes kunye neProcles, ngokulandelelana, abazukulwana abakhulu kakhulu beqhawe eliyintsomi uHeroklesi. Ngexesha lolawulo lukaLeonidas, inkosi ye-Eurypontid yaseSparta yayinguLeotychidas. Ulawulo lwakhe aluzange luthandabuze. Umbhali ngobomi bomGrike nombhali wezincoko uPlutarch wabhala ngesinye sezo ziganeko. Akuba exelelwe ukuba wayengengcono kunaye wonke umntu ngaphandle kokuba ngukumkani, uLeonidas waphendula kwangoko, Kodwa ukuba andingcono kuwe, andizukuba yinkosi. Le mpendulo yayingeyiyo ingxwabangxwaba malunga nelungelo lakhe lobuzibulo kodwa ibango lokuba, emva kokunyamezela uqeqesho lwe-pastge, wayengaphezulu kokufanelekileyo ukuba alawule iSparta. I-Sparta kaLeonidas, ecaleni kweAthene, yayiyeyona ndawo inkulu kwaye inamandla kwidolophu yaseGrisi. Ngelixa bekukho ukulwa okuninzi phakathi kweedolophu, bahlala bekwazi ukuvelisa imanyano ngaphambili kumkhosi ohlaselayo. Emva kokuba iAthene ibonelele ngenkxaso kubavukeli baseIonia kumlo wabo nolawulo lwamaPersi, uDariyo I, umlawuli wasePersi wahlasela iAthene, kodwa wabuyiselwa umva ngumkhosi wamaGrike odityanisiweyo ngo-490 BC ‘kwidabi laseMarathon’. Oku kwaziwa njenge ‘mfazwe yokuqala yamaPersi’. Ngentwasahlobo ka-480 BC, unyana kaDariyo, uXerxes waqalisa uhlaselo lwesibini ukuze oyise iGrisi iphela. U-Leonidas wanyulwa ukuba akhokele ubundlobongela bamaGrike. Xa isicelo sokujoyina 'i-League yaseKorinte' safika eSparta, i-Oracle eDelphi kwadityanwa nayo. I-Oracle yaprofeta ukuba i-Sparta iya kuwa, okanye isixeko siza kulahlekelwa ngukumkani. NgokukaHerodotus, uLeonidas wagqiba kwelokuba ngekhe asinde emfazweni ngokuchasene nezinto ezazingenakwenzeka, ngenxa yoko wakhetha amadoda noonyana abaphilayo ukuba bamkhaphe. Wakhokela ama-300 oonogada bakhe basebukhosini, i-'Hippeis ', eya kwindlela emxinwa ye-Thermopylae, apho kwelinye icala, yayiyi-Kallídhromon massif, kwaye kwelinye icala, iliwa elalimi nkqo yiGulf of Maliakós. Endleleni, bajoyinwa ngama-1 Arcadians, ama-700 amaThespi, ama-400 kwabaseKorinte kunye namanye amaqela. U-Leonidas wakhetha ukukhusela 'iSango eliPhakathi', elona candelo lincinci lokudlula. Wafumana kwaye akavuma ukwenziwa ngamaPersi. Umyalezo ka-Xerxes wobuqu othi 'Nikezela ngeengalo zakho' kuye waphendulwa ngendlela edumileyo ngokuthi Yiza uzokuthatha '. Kwiintsuku ezine kamva, ngo-Agasti okanye ngo-Septemba ka-480 BC, kwaqala umlo. ‘Idabi laseThermopylae’ laqhubeka ngaxeshanye nomkhosi waselwandle ‘Idabi laseArtemisium’, apho imikhosi yamaGrike yayikhokelwa ngusopolitiki wase-Athene uThemistocles. Ngosuku lokuqala lomlo, uLeonidas wabeka amadoda akhe ngomqolo eludongeni lwasePhocian. Abatoli basePersi bangqineke bengaphumeleli xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zobhedu, iminqwazi kunye namakhaka amaGrike. Iiyunithi ezingama-10 000 zamaMedi kunye nezaseCissians, ezazithunyelwe emva koko, zaphantse zaxhelwa yimikhosi yamaGrike eyayiququzelelwe kakuhle isilwa ngokuqiniswa kwe-phalanx. Qhubeka nokufunda apha ngezantsi AmaGrike ayephumelele ngakumbi ngosuku lwesibini kwaye abangela ilahleko enzima kumkhosi wamaPersi. U-Leonidas wayitshitshisa imikhosi yakhe ngokuqaqambileyo, egcina izixhobo zedolophu nganye kwaye ejikeleza imikhosi ngaphakathi nangaphandle emfazweni rhoqo ukunqanda ukudinwa. Ekuseni kosuku lwesithathu, uLeonidas waxelelwa ukuba umTrachini ogama linguEphialtes ubonise amaPersi indlela yentaba ejikeleze iThermopylae, ngoku amaGrike ayerhangqwe ngamajoni otshaba angama-20 000. Uninzi lomkhosi kaLeonidas lubalekile okanye lwathunyelwa nguye, ngaphandle kweqela eliphikisayo laseSparta, iHelots, nelaseThespiya elakhetha ukuhlala. U-Leonidas wabaxhasa ngesibindi sokugqibela, kodwa bahlasela kumacala omabini, batshabalala bonke. Nangona kunjalo, abaseSpartan bawubuyisa umzimba wakhe, bebaleka ukuqhubela phambili ePersi amatyeli amane. Kukho ukuphikisana okujikeleze isiphelo se-Thebans ezingama-400 kumkhosi waseSpartan; eminye imithombo ithi bancama ubomi babo edabini, ngelixa abanye besithi iThebans yanikezela kuKumkani uXerxes ngaphandle komlo. Ngaphandle kokoyiswa eThermopylae, isibindi nokuzincama kukaLeonidas kunye namadoda akhe kwavuselela amaGrike ukuba ekugqibeleni aphumelele uloyiso olunqumlayo ngokuchasene namaPersi kumlo wasemanzini 'Idabi laseSalamis' ngoSeptemba 480 BC. Inkcubeko yamaGrike, ngenxa yoko, yayiya kuchuma ingaphazanyiswa. Idabi elikhulu Idabi laseThermopylae, apho uLeonidas ndilahlekelwe bubomi bakhe esilwela iSparta, ithathwa njengeyona ibalulekileyo ngokwembono. Ukumkani namajoni akhe ahlonitshwa kakhulu ukuza kuthi ga kulo mhla njengempawu zokuthand 'izwe ngenxa yegorha labo kunye nesibindi kwanaxa boyisiwe. Ubomi boBuntu kunye nelifa ULeonidas noGorgo babenonyana, uPleistarchus, owayelawula uSparta emva koyise. Ngo-1955, ilitye lesikhumbuzo lokuhlonipha uLeonidas namajoni akhe lamiswa eThermopylae nguKumkani uPaul waseGrisi. Kwelinye icala lesikhumbuzo, ingonyama yelitye iphawula induli encinci apho abafileyo baseSpartan bangcwatyelwa khona. Inqaku Igama likaLeonidas ngesiGrike lithetha 'unyana wengonyama'.
