Igama lomnxeba:Isatchmo

Usuku lokuzalwa: Nge-4 ka-Agasti , Ngo-1901

Wafa eneminyaka: 69

Umqondiso welanga: Leo

Kwaziwa njenge:ULouis Daniel Armstron

Ilizwe lokuzalwa: eunited States

Uzalwe e:ENew Orleans, eLouisiana, eUnited States

Idume njenge:Umculo kunye neMvumi

Iingcaphuno zikaLouis Armstrong Abantu base-Afrika baseMelika

Ukuphakama: 5'6 '(168i-CM),5'6 'Kubi

Iqabane / Ex-:UAlpha Smith, uDaisy Parker, uLil Hardin, uLucille Wilson, uAlpha Smith (m. 1938-1942), uDaisy Parker (m. 1918-1923), Lil Hardin Armstrong (m. 1924-1938), uLucille Wilsonm (m. 1942– Ngo-1971)

utata:UWilliam Armstrong

umama:UMary Albert, ngoMeyi-Ann

abantakwenu:UBeatrice Armstrong Collins, uHenry Armstrong, uWilliam Armstrong

abantwana:UClarence Armstrong, uDave Bartholomew, uSharon Preston-Folta

Usweleke kwi: Julayi 6 , Ngo-1971

indawo yokufa:ICorona, eNew York, eUnited States

U.S. Urhulumente: ELouisiana,Umntu wase-Afrika-waseMelika ovela eLouisana

Isixeko: ENew Orleans, eLouisana

ukufumanisa / ukuveliswa:I-Swiss Kriss

Kuyacetyiswa Wena

Wayengubani uLouis Armstrong?

ULouis Armstrong wayengumdlali wexilongo wejazz waseMelika kunye nemvumi. Wayengomnye wabantu ababenempembelelo kumculo wejazz. Eyaziwayo ngeendlela zakhe ezintsha zokudlala ixilongo kunye necornet, wayeyimvumi enetalente kakhulu, esikelelwe ngelizwi elinamandla aluhlaza. Eyaziwayo ngokungahambelani kwakhe, u-Armstrong wayenokubangela iziphumo ezimangalisayo ngomculo wakhe. U-Armstrong weza waduma phakathi kwinkulungwane yama-20 xa ubuhlanga babugqugqisile e-USA. Wayengomnye wabantu bokuqala base-Afrika nabamaMerika ukuba bathandwe kakhulu phakathi kwamacandelo amhlophe kunye nemibala yoluntu. Ngothando ebizwa ngegama 'Satchmo' okanye 'Pops' ngabalandeli bakhe, uhlala ethathwa njengoyise we-jazz. Uzalelwe kwintlupheko eNew Orleans, wayenobuntwana obunzima kakhulu njengoko utata wakhe washiya usapho. Njengenkwenkwana, wafuna ukuthuthuzelwa emculweni kwaye waqala ukudlala izixhobo zomculo njengomntu ofikisayo ukuze akwazi ukuziphilisa. Kungekudala wafumanisa ukuba wayenesiphiwo sendalo kumculo. Ngexesha elithile, wazimisela njengomdlali ohloniphekileyo womculo wejazz. Wazonwabisa ngezigidi ngexesha lakhe elide kwaye ebalasele kwaye waba ngomnye wabantu abadumileyo bokuqala benkulungwane yama-20.

Uluhlu olucetyiswayo:

Emva kokukhululwa kwiKhaya laBafana laBafana, 'waqala ukuthatha umculo ngokungxamisekileyo kwaye waqala ukudlala namaqela amaninzi. Ufunde umculo phantsi kweemvumi ezinamava, ezinje ngoBuddy Petit, Kid Ory, kunye noJoe 'King' Oliver. Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1910, waba ngumdlali odumileyo womculo wejazz eNew Orleans.

Ngo-1922, wafudukela eChicago wajoyina umcebisi wakhe uJoe Oliver ‘iCreole Jazz Band.’ IChicago yayiqhuba kakuhle ngelo xesha, kwaye inikezela indawo enkulu kubazonwabisa, ngakumbi iimvumi. Kungekudala, u-Armstrong waduma kakhulu kwaye waphumelela, kwaye wazuza umlandeli omkhulu olandelayo.

Ekhangela amathemba obomi obungcono, walishiya iqela likaOliver ngo-1924 wajoyina i-‘Fletcher Henderson Orchestra, ’iqela lomdaniso eliphezulu lase-Afrika naseMelika kwisiXeko saseNew York. Wazibonakalisa ukuba ngumdlali ophumeleleyo kwaye wakhawuleza waliguqula iqela likaHenderson laba yiloo nto namhlanje ithathwa ngokuba ‘liqela elikhulu lejazz enkulu.’

I-America ihlupheke nge-'The Great Depression 'ngexesha le-1920s ngasekupheleni, kwaye umsebenzi ka-Armstrong ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ophucukileyo wehlelwa yinto ebuyela umva. Ukudakumba kwabangela ukuba iiklabhu ezibalaseleyo zivalwe. Uninzi lweemvumi awayefunda nazo zatshintshela kweminye imisebenzi ukuze zenze imali.

Wafudukela eLos Angeles ngo-1930 kwaye wadlala kwiKlabhu yeKhothoni eNtsha. Iklabhu yayihlala ityelelwa ngabantu baseHollywood, kwaye abantu abadumileyo abanjengoBing Crosby babehlala rhoqo kwiklabhu. Nangona kunjalo, u-Armstrong akazange ahlale apho ixesha elide kwaye wabuyela eChicago ngo-1931.

Wayehamba kakhulu ngee-1930s kwaye watyelela amazwe afana ne-Bhritane, iDenmark, iFrance, iScandinavia, ne-Holland apho wayedlala khona kwiikonsathi. Ukuthandwa kwakhe kwafikelela kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezintsha ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1930.

Uye wangena nakwimiboniso bhanyabhanya kwaye wadlala inkokheli yebhendi kumfanekiso oshukumayo 'wePennies ovela ezulwini' ecaleni kukaBing Crosby ngo-1936, waba ngumntu wokuqala wase-Afrika-waseMelika ukuhlawuliswa kumdlalo bhanyabhanya omkhulu waseHollywood. Kwiminyaka elandelayo, waqhubeka nokubonakala kwezinye iifilimu kunye neenkwenkwezi ezinkulu zaseHollywood.

Uqhubeke esenza kunye nokurekhoda kuyo yonke iminyaka yoo-1940 kunye neye-1950, ekhulula umtya omnandi njenge 'Blueberry Hill,' 'Laa Langa liLanga,' 'La Vie En Rose,' kunye 'Ndifumana Imibono.' Phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-1950, ukuthandwa kwakhe kwanda kwaye waqala ukhenketho lwehlabathi, etyelela amazwe aliqela kwaye esenza phambi kwezihlwele ezithengisiweyo eYurophu, eAfrika nase Asia.

I-studio yakhe yango-1954 ekhupha u-‘Louis Armstrong Plays W. C. Handy ’ithathwa njengenye yobugcisa bakhe. Iqukethe iihits ezingapheliyo ezifana 'neSt. Louis Blues, '' Blue Dog Blues, '' Uthando olungenaluthando, 'kunye' noAunt Hagar's Blues, 'icwecwe lichazwa ngu'Allmusic' 'njengomculo obalulekileyo kuzo zonke iingqokelela zejazz.'

U-Armstrong ka-1967 engatshatanga ethi ‘What a Wonderful World’ yingoma yodumo. Ngexesha lokukhutshwa kwayo, yafikelela kwiNombolo 1 e-Austria nase-UK. Ikwafikelele kwizikhundla ezilishumi eziphezulu kwamanye amazwe afana neDenmark, iBelgium, iIreland neNorway.

U-Louis Armstrong wanikwa imbasa emva kokuba ephumelele i-'Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award 'ngo-1972 yi-'Akhademi yoBugcisa bezoBugcisa neeNzululwazi.'

Waye wanyuselwa 'kwiRhythm & Blues Hall of Fame' kwi2017.

Wayetshatile kane. Umtshato wakhe wokuqala wawunowayengunongogo ogama linguDaisy Parker ngo-1919. Wayamkele inkwenkwana egama linguClarence ngalo mtshato.

Watshata noLil Hardin ngo-1924. Umfazi wakhe wesibini wadlala indima enkulu ekubumbeni umsebenzi ka-Armstrong, kodwa abo babini baphambuka ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1920 kwaye baqhawula umtshato emva kweminyaka.

Umtshato wakhe wesithathu wayenaye u-Alpha Smith. Lo mtshato uqhubeke iminyaka emine ngaphambi kokuphela koqhawulo mtshato.

Umtshato wakhe wesine nowokugqibela wayenemvumi egama linguLucille Wilson, awayetshate naye de wasweleka ngo-1971.

Imvumi eyaziwayo, wayephila ubomi obuxakekileyo, ehlala esenza iikonsathi ezingama-300 ngonyaka. Indlela yakhe yokuphila yaqala ukuthatha impilo yakhe ngempilo yakhe ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1960 kwaye waqala wahlushwa zizintso kunye nezifo zentliziyo. Impilo yakhe yehla kancinci ngo-1970, kwaye wasweleka elele ngoJulayi 6, 1971, ekhayeni lakhe eQueens, eNew York.

Ngo-2012, umfazi ogama linguSharon Preston wathi uyintombi yakhe. Wayebanga ukuba wazalwa ngenxa yothando awayenalo nomdanisi ogama linguLucille Preston kwii-1950s. Iileta zobuqu zika-Armstrong ezivela kwiminyaka yoo-1950 zaqinisekisa inyani yokuba wayehlawulele ukukhuliswa kwakhe.

Amabhaso