Usuku lokuzalwa: Nge-16 kaDisemba , Ngo-1770
Wafa eneminyaka: 56
Umqondiso welanga: Isagittarius
Ilizwe lokuzalwa: Jemani
Uzalwe e:Bonn, eJamani
Idume njenge:Umqambi, uPiyano
Iingcaphuno zikaLudwig Van Beethoven Ndinesandla sasenxele
Usapho:
utata:UJohann van Beethoven
umama:UMaria Magdalena Keverich
abantakwenu:U-Anna Maria Francisca van Beethoven, Franz Georg van Beethoven, Johann Peter Anton Leym, Kaspar Anton Karl van Beethoven, Ludwig Maria van Beethoven, Maria Margarita van Beethoven, Nikolaus Johann van Beethoven
Usweleke kwi: Ngomhla wamashumi amabini anesithandathu ku-Matshi , Ngo-1827
indawo yokufa:IVienna, eOstriya
Izifo kunye nokukhubazeka: Ukuxhuzula,Ukuva iingxaki kunye nokungeva
Isixeko: Bonn, eJamani
Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsiKuyacetyiswa Wena
UArnold Schoenberg UGustav Mahler UJoseph Haydn UAnton WebernNgubani uLudwig van Beethoven?
Eyaziwa ngokuba yi-‘Shakespeare yoMculo, ’uLudwig van Beethoven wayengomnye wabaqambi ababalaseleyo. Wayengomnye wabavuli bezixhobo zomculo kwinkcubeko yaseYurophu, kwaye wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lomculo wethoni. Nangona ubuthulu babumthintele ekubeni asebenze ngokwasentlalweni, ayizange imthintele ubuchule bakhe. Ngethuba lokudlalwa kobungcibi bomculo wakhe wokugqibela ‘uNinth Symphony,’ uBeethoven kwafuneka ajike ajonge ukuqhwatywa kwabaphulaphuli njengoko wayesele esisithulu ngokupheleleyo ngelo xesha. Ngaphandle kokulahleka kwakhe kwindlebe, waba ngumculo omninzi, nodumo lwakhe oluqhubeka lunyuka nanamhlanje. Ephenjelelwe kakhulu nguMozart noHaydn, wayityebisa isitayile sakhe ngamandla othando. Ubunzima kunye nobukhulu bemisebenzi yakhe buhamba ngaphaya kweminyaka, babaphazamisa abantu bexesha lakhe, kwaye bayaqhubeka nokucacisa iingcali kunye nabaphulaphuli ngokufanayo. Ii-opera zakhe, ii-symphony, kunye ne-sonatas zisaculwa kwaye zenziwa kwihlabathi liphela.
Uluhlu olucetyiswayo:Uluhlu olucetyiswayo:
Iimodeli eziDumileyo zeNdima ongathanda ukudibana nazo Abona bantu banempembelelo kwimbali Abantu abadumileyo esinqwenela ukuba babesaphila Ezona ngqondo zibalaseleyo kwimbali
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile: Beethoven.jpg (UJoseph Karl Stieler [Indawo yoluntu])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lbP6Wx_B400 (Umculo weklasikhi)
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile: Beethoven_Hornemann.jpg (UChristian Horneman [indawo kaRhulumente])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile: Beethoven_Waldmuller_1823.jpg (UFerdinand Georg Waldmüller [Indawo yoluntu])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beethoven_M%C3%A4hler_1815.jpg (UJoseph Willibrord Mähler [Indawo yoluntu])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile: Beethoven.jpg (UJoseph Karl Stieler / Indawo yoluntu)UmculoQhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsiAbaPiyano abangamadoda Abaqambi abangamadoda Iimvumi ezingamadoda Uqeqesho loMculo U-Ludwig van Beethoven waqala uqeqesho lomculo phantsi koyise. Wafunda iclavier kunye nevayolin kuye eneminyaka emihlanu. Nangona kunjalo, uBeethoven wayengenawo amava amnandi okufunda kuyise njengoko wayehlala ekatswa kwaye evalelwa kwigumbi elingaphantsi lokwenza iimpazamo ezincinci. Utata wakhe, owayefuna ukwenza enye iMozart ngaye, wayeza kumbetha kabuhlungu, ngelixa ekhwaza ukuba ulihlazo kusapho. Ilila, inkwenkwe iya kuqhubeka nokudlala de ifike kumanqaku ngelixa imi kwisixhobo. Ngaphandle kokufunda umculo kuyise, uthathe izifundo kuTobias Friedrich Pfeiffer, umhlobo wosapho, owayehlala emrhuqa ebhedini yakhe ezinzulwini zobusuku ukuze aziqhelanise nokudlala ikhibhodi. Omnye utitshala obalulekileyo kaBeethoven ngeli xesha yayinguGilles van den Eeden, ilungu lecawa yendawo. Ngomhla wamashumi amabini anesithandathu ku-Matshi 1778, uBeethoven wanikela ngokusebenza kwakhe okokuqala esidlangalaleni eCologne. Nangona wayeneminyaka esixhenxe ngelo xesha, utata wakhe wabhengeza ukuba uneminyaka emithandathu njengoko uMozart wayenike intsebenzo yakhe yokuqala eneminyaka emithandathu; Utata wakhe wayengafuni ukuba abe mncinci kunoMozart ngokwakhe. Ngaxa lithile ngoku, wamkelwa kwisikolo esikwibanga lesiLatin elibizwa ngokuba yi ‘Tirocinium.’ Wayengumfundi ophakathi, nto leyo eyakhokelela kwinkolelo yokuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba wayenesifo se-dyslexia esingephi ngeentsuku zakhe zokuqala. Wayekhe wathi, ‘umculo uza kum ngokulula kunamazwi.’ Ngo-1779, warhoxa esikolweni wayokufundela ukuqamba nomculo wenkundla uChristian Gottlob Neefe. Ngo-1783, ngoncedo lukaNeefe, uBeethoven wabhala eyakhe yokuqala, neyathi kamva yabizwa ngokuba yi-‘WOO 63 ’(Werke ohne Opuszahl okanye uMsebenzi ngaphandle kwenombolo ye-opus). Kwakhona ngo-1783, waqamba ii-sonatas ezintathu zepiyano, ngokudibeneyo ezaziwa ngokuba yi-‘Kurfurst, ’awayeyinikela kuMnyuli uMaximilian Friedrich. Echukunyiswe ngumsebenzi wakhe, uMnyuli waxhasa izifundo zomculo zeli tyendyana.
Izicatshulwa: Uthando,Mna Abaqambi baseJamani Iimvumi zaseJamani Abaqhubi baseJamani Ukuqala ikhondo kumculo Ngo-1784, utywala bukayise baba mandundu kangangokuba wayengasakwazi ukuxhasa usapho. Ke ngoko, eneminyaka eli-14 ubudala, uBeethoven waqala umsebenzi wakhe. Wafaka isicelo ngempumelelo kwisikhundla somncedisi we-organist kwindlu yenkundla, efumana umvuzo othobekileyo we-florins ezili-150. Qhubeka nokufunda apha ngezantsi Nge-1787, uMnyuli wathumela uBeethoven eVienna; kunokwenzeka ukuba ufunde noMozart. Kodwa kwisithuba seeveki ezimbini, umama wakhe wagula kakhulu, nto leyo yamnyanzela ukuba abuyele ekhaya. Unina wasweleka kwakamsinya emva koko kwaye ukuxhomekeka kukayise etywaleni kwaba mandundu. U-Ludwig van Beethoven ngoku kwakufuneka abakhathalele abantakwabo kwaye aqhube umzi, ewenza ngokunika izifundo zomculo kubantwana baka Joseph von Breuning ongasekhoyo. Kancinci, waqala ukufundisa abanye abafundi abazizityebi. Kungekudala, indawo yokuhlala yaseBreuning yaba likhaya lakhe lesibini. Ngo-1788, kwindlu ka-von Breuning, uBeethoven wadibana no-Count Ferdinand von Waldstein. Ukubangowasebukhosini aphezulu eVienna, uWaldstein akazange abe nempembelelo enkulu kuphela, kodwa wayethanda nomculo. Ekugqibeleni, waba ngomnye wabahlobo bakaBeethoven ubomi bakhe bonke kunye nomxhasi wezezimali. Ngo-1790, u-Beethoven wafumana ikhomishini yakhe yokuqala, mhlawumbi ngengcebiso kaNeefe. Wabhala u-Emperor Cantatas (WoO 87, WoO 88) ngokusweleka kuka-Emperor oyi-Holy Roman u-Joseph II, kunye no-Leopold II. Nangona kunjalo, zazingazange zenziwe ngelo xesha, kwaye zahlala zilahlekile de kwangowe-1880. Ukusukela ngo-1790 ukuya ku-1792, waqamba iziqwenga ezininzi, uninzi lwazo ngoku zidweliswe phantsi kwe-'WOO. 'Ekupheleni konyaka we-1790, uBeethoven waziswa kuJoseph Haydn xa lo mva watyelela uBonn xa esiya eLondon. Badibana kwakhona eBonn ngo-1792 xa ebuyela eVienna.Abaqambi baseOstriya Iimvumi zaseAustria Abaqhubi baseAustria EVienna NgoNovemba ka-1792, exhaswa ngu-Count Ferdinand von Waldstein, uBeethoven wafudukela eVienna eyokufunda phantsi kukaHaydn. Ekuqaleni, akazange azame ukuzibeka njengomqambi. Endaweni yoko, wagxila ekufundeni naye, ngokufumana imiyalelo evela kwezinye iinkosi. Waqala nokudlala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokuzilungisa, wazimisela njenge piano virtuoso ngonyaka ka 1793. Kunyaka olandelayo, njengoko uHaydn wayehamba kolunye uhambo, uMnyuli wayelindele ukuba abuyele eBonn. Umhlalaphantsi wakhe wanqunyanyiswa xa wala ukulandela imiyalelo yakhe. Ngomhla wamashumi amabini anesithoba ku-Matshi 1795, wenza amatyala akhe esidlangalaleni, esenza ikonsathi yakhe yokuqala yepiyano. Kungekudala emva koko, wapapasha uthotho lweepiyano ezintathu, ezithi 'i-Opus 1,' efumana impumelelo enkulu kunye nempumelelo kwezorhwebo. Ngo-1796, uBeethoven waya emantla eJamani, etyelela kwezinye iindawo, inkundla kaKing Frederick William wasePrussia eBerlin. Ngeli xesha, waqamba i-'Op. 5 Violoncello. 'Qhubeka nokufunda apha ngezantsi Ngo-1798, eyalelwa yiNkosana uLobkowitz, waqala ukubhala ii-quartet zakhe zokuqala, ezaziza kuthiwe' Op 18. 'Wagqiba le projekthi ngo-1800. 20, 'yenye yemisebenzi yakhe ethandwayo. Nge-2 ka-Epreli, ngo-1800, wenza i-Symphony No. 1 yakhe kwi-C enkulu eVienna's 'Royal Imperial Theatre.' . Ngo-1801, uBeethoven wapapasha i ‘Six String Quarters, Op 18,’ emisela ubuchule bakhe ngohlobo lomculo lwaseViennese olwaveliswa nguMozart noHaydn. Kwakuloo nyaka, waqamba iballet yakhe yokuqala 'Izidalwa zikaPrometheus,' eyafumana imiboniso engama-27 e'Imperial Court Theatre. 'Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1802, wagqibezela' iSibini Symphony. ' Kunyaka olandelayo ngo-Epreli 1803, wamfumana inzuzo enkulu. Ukusukela ngo-1802, umntakwabo u-Kaspar waqala ukulawula imicimbi yakhe yezemali, eqinisekisa ukuthengiselana okungcono kubapapashi bakhe. 
Izicatshulwa: Ubugcisa Amadoda eSagittarius Ixesha lesibini kunye nokulahleka kokuva Ukususela ngo-1798, uLudwig van Beethoven waqala ukuva ngeendlebe. Ngo-1802, imeko yakhe yayimbi kangangokuba waziva efuna ukuzibulala. Ngo-Epreli 1802, wafudukela eHeiligenstadt, ekufutshane nje neVienna, ezama ukumelana nokungeva. Ukuhlala apho kude kube ngo-Okthobha, wagqiba kwelokuba aphilele ubugcisa bakhe. Ngaphandle kokukhula kokungeva, waqala ukuvelisa umculo omninzi ngokumangalisayo. Ukususela ngo-1802 ukuya ku-1812, waqamba iiseti ezintlanu zokwahluka kwepiyano, ii-piano sonatas, ii-symphony ezintandathu, ikonsathi ezine zodwa, izinto ezine, ii-trios ezine, ii-quartet ezintlanu zomtya, ii-sonatas ezintandathu, i-sextets ezimbini, i-opera enye, kunye neengoma ezingama-72. Ngo-1808, uBeethoven wafumana isimemo sokuba ngumlawuli weKapellmeister. Ukumgcina eVienna, abo bazizityebi babemthembisa umvuzo we-4,000 ngonyaka. Ke, waba yimvumi yokuqala ukukhululwa kubunzima benkonzo obamvumela ukuba agxile ngokusisigxina ekuqambeni. Eli xesha liphakathi kwe-1802 kunye ne-1812 laziwa njengexesha lakhe 'eliphakathi' okanye 'lobuqhawe'. Eyona idumileyo phakathi kwemisebenzi yakhe ukusukela ngeli xesha yayingu ‘Moonlight Sonata,’ ‘Kreutzer’ violin sonata, opera ‘Fidelio,’ kunye nee symphony zakhe, ezibalelwa kwisithathu ukuya kwisibhozo. Qhubeka nokufunda apha ngezantsi ngo-1815, wazama ukwenza okokugqibela, kodwa wanyanzelwa ukuba anikezele ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kukuva. Ngokuthe ngcembe, waba mfutshane kwaye waba lusizi. Ukusweleka komninawa wakhe kwakuloo nyaka kongeze ekukhathazekeni kwakhe. Kwiminyaka emithathu elandelayo, wavelisa umculo omncinci. Ixesha lesithathu Ngo-1818, xa wayengasakuva, waqala ukunxibelelana ngokubhala, ephethe iseti yeencwadi, ezathi kamva zaziwa ngokuba zii'ncoko zeencwadi. ukuba yenziwe. Ngaphandle kokuphulukana nokuva ngokupheleleyo kunye nokuzixakekisa kwakhe ngamadabi asemthethweni kunye nomalokazana wakhe, uBeethoven uqhubeke nokubhala. Waqokelela ingqokelela yeengoma kunye ne 'Hammerklavier Sonata' ngo-1818. Kwakuloo nyaka, waqalisa ukusebenza kwi-epic yakhe ethi 'Ninth Symphony.' Ngo-1819, waqala ukusebenza kwi-'Diabelli Variations 'kunye neMissa Solemnis. Ngelishwa, ngenxa yempilo enkenenkene namadabi asemthethweni, akazange akwazi ukuwugqiba lo msebenzi wokugqibela okhankanyiweyo ngaphambi kuka-1823. Ikhomishini yamkhuthaza ukuba agqibe u'Thoba Symphony. 'Yenziwa okokuqala ngomhla we-7 kuCanzibe ngo-1824 e'Kärntnertortheater' kwimbonono emileyo, yaphinda yenziwa ngomhla wama-24 kuMeyi ngo-1824. Yayiyikonsathi yakhe yokugqibela kawonke-wonke. Kwakhona ngo-1822, iNkosana uNikolas Golitsin waseSt. Petersburg wayemthume ukuba abhale iikota ezine zomtya. Ngo-1824, emva kokugqiba i-‘Thoba Symphony, ’uBeethoven wavelisa uthotho lweekota zomtya, ngokudibeneyo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-‘Late Quartets.’ Lo yayingumsebenzi wakhe wokugqibela ophambili. Imisebenzi emikhulu U-Ludwig van Beethoven ukhunjulwa kakhulu nge-'Symphony No. 9 yakhe kwi-D encinci, Op. 125. ’Namhlanje, umsebenzi uthathwa njengowona msebenzi waziwayo kuyo yonke imibhalo engcwele yaseNtshona. Ngo-2001, umbhalo-ngqangi wayo wokuqala obhalwe ngesandla wongezwa kuluhlu ‘lweMemori yeZizwe eziManyeneyo yeLifa leMveli leNkqubo’. Ubomi boBuntu kunye nelifa U-Ludwig van Beethoven akakwazanga ukwakha ubudlelwane obuhlala buhleli kunye nawuphina umntu obhinqileyo, kwaye wahlala eyi-bachelor de kwasekufeni kwakhe. Indlalifa yakhe kuphela umtshana wakhe Karl. Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe ngo-1815, umntakwabo uKaspar washiya uBeethoven kunye nenkosikazi yakhe ephethe uKarl. Emva kokubhubha kukaKaspar, uBeethoven walwa umlo osemthethweni kunye nomyeni wakhe, ekugqibeleni waphumelela ukugcinwa komtshana wakhe. NgoDisemba 1826, uBeethoven wagula kakhulu, wasweleka emva kweenyanga ezintathu ngomhla wama-26 kuMatshi ngo-1827. Umngcwabo wakhe, owawubanjwe ngomhla wama-29 kuMatshi ngo-1827, wawuzinyaswe ngabantu abamalunga nama-20 000. Emva kobunzima obufunekayo kwicawa yoBathathu Emnye oNgcwele, isidumbu sakhe sangcwatywa emangcwabeni aseWähring. Ngo-1888, isidumbu sakhe safuduselwa eZentralfriedhof. Ngomhla we-12 Agasti 1845, 'iBeethoven Monument' yatyhilwa eBonn. Isixeko sineholo yekhonsathi egama lingu'Beethovenhalle, 'ngelixa indlu yakhe yokuzalwa eBontsasse 20 iguqulwe yayimyuziyam. Eyona crater inkulu kwi-mercury, ebekwe kububanzi be-20 ° S, kubude obungu-124 ° W, ithiywe ngaye.
