Usuku lokuzalwa: Julayi 10 , Ngo-1875
Wafa eneminyaka: 79
Umqondiso welanga: Umhlaza
Kwaziwa njenge:UMary Jane McLeod uBethune
Ilizwe lokuzalwa: eunited States
Uzalwe e:EMayesville, eSouth Carolina, eUnited States
Idume njenge:Utitshala
Ootitshala Ababhali abaMnyama
Usapho:
Iqabane / Ex-:UAlbert Bethune (m. 1898-1918)
utata:USam Bethune
umama:UPatsy McLeod
abantakwenu:UBeauregard McLeod, uMaria McLeod, uRachel McLeod, uSamuel McLeod, uWilliam Thomas McLeod
Usweleke kwi: Ngomhla we-18 kuMeyi , Ngo-1955
indawo yokufa:Ulwandle lwase Daytona
IU.S. Urhulumente: North Carolina,EMzantsi Carolina,Umntu wase-Afrika-waseMelika ovela eSouth Carolina
Iinkcukacha ezithe kratyaImfundo:IZiko leMoody Bible (1894-1895), iBarber Scotia College (1888-1893)
amabhaso:Imbasa yeSpingarn
IHolo leSizwe loDumo lwaBasetyhini
IHolo looFame labaseFlorida
Kuyacetyiswa Wena
UDwayne Johnson ULebron James UBarack Obama Kamala HarrisNgubani uMary McLeod Bethune?
UMary McLeod uBethune wayengumhlohli waseMelika, itshantliziyo lamalungelo oluntu, utitshala, ezoluntu, kunye nobubele, owaziwa kakhulu ngemizamo yakhe yokuphakamisa uluntu lwase-Afrika-lwaseMelika e-USA. Wazalelwa kwifama yerayisi kunye nekotoni eSouth Carolina, kwintsapho yamakhoboka angaphambili. Wayengomnye wabantwana abalishumi elinesixhenxe kusapho, kwaye uninzi lwabantakwabo babezelwe bengamakhoboka. Wayenguye kuphela kusapho lwakhe owayeya esikolweni. Abazali bakhe banqwenela inkululeko kwaye babetsala nzima kakhulu ukuthenga ifama encinci yabo. Wafunda ngokuzimisela ukuze abe ngumthunywa wevangeli e-Afrika, kodwa wazi ukuba abafundisi-ntsapho abasafuneki, ke waba ngutitshala e-USA, egxininisa isimilo kunye nokufundiseka kwamantombazana. Waqala isikolo samantombazana ase-Afrika-aseMelika e-Daytona, eFlorida, eyathi emva koko yadibana neziko labucala elinenjongo efanayo, yaba yi-'Bethune-Cookman School. 'Waba ngumongameli wesikolo ngo-1923 kwaye ke waba ngowokuqala- uhlala ungumfazi omnyama ukuba abe ngumongameli wekholeji eMelika. Uthathe inxaxheba kwimicimbi emininzi kwaye wavela njengenkokeli yamalungelo amnyama. UMongameli uFranklin D. Roosevelt wammema ukuba abe yinxalenye ‘yeKhabinethi eNtsundu.’ Wasweleka ngomhla we-18 kuMeyi, 1955, eneminyaka engama-79.
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Mary_McLeod_Bethune_LCCN2004662602.jpg (UCarl Van Vechten [Indawo yoluntu])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gkdUKbJ7Gs4 (UAshley Cook)
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mary_McLeod_Bethune_(1949).jpg (UCarl Van Vechten [Indawo yoluntu])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MPoUAt7DKjE (Igumbi elinembono)
Ityala lemifanekiso https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bV-hbV5Z9lY (UWilson ophezulu)UmphefumloQhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsiIzinto eziNtsundu eziMnyama Abapolitiki AbaNtsundu abaNtsundu Umsebenzi UMary wabuyela kwidolophu yakokwabo eMeesville kwaye waqala ukusebenza njengoncedisayo katitshala wakhe uEmma. Ngo-1896, waqhubela phambili e-Augusta, eGeorgia, kwaye waqalisa ukufundisa e-‘Haines Normal and Industrial Institute. ’Kungekudala, waqonda ukuba umsebenzi wakhe wobufundisi-ntsapho wawufuneka kakhulu e-USA kunaseAfrika. Waqala ukukhangela iindlela zokuqalisa esakhe isikolo. Ngo-1899, uMary wathuthela eFlorida waza waqalisa ukufundisa kwisikolo semishini apho. UMary wafudukela apho nomyeni wakhe kunye nonyana wakhe, kwaye usapho lwahlala ePalatka, eFlorida iminyaka emihlanu elandelayo. UMary waqalisa nomsebenzi osecaleni, ethengisa i-inshurensi yobomi kuma-Afrika aseMelika apho. UMary nentsapho yakhe baqhubela phambili eDaytona baza baqesha indlu encinci. Wayecwangcise ukuqokelela iminikelo kunye nokufezekisa iphupha lakhe lobomi lokuqalisa isikolo sakhe. Ngo-Okthobha u-1904, uMary waqala isikolo sakhe samantombazana amnyama onke. Yabizwa ngokuba yi-'Daytona Normal kunye neZiko lezoShishino 'kwaye yayinabantwana abahlanu kuphela ekuqaleni, kunye nonyana wayo. Abantwana bahlawule imali encinci kwaye bafunda iziseko zonqulo, ezamashishini, izifundiswa kunye nezakhono zeshishini. UMary wajikeleza isixeko efuna iminikelo. Wajamelana nokuhlaselwa ngamandla zizinto ezimhlophe ezifana ne 'Ku Klux Klan' (KKK), kodwa wayengoyiki kwaye eme ngokuqinileyo sisikolo sakhe kunye nabafundi. Ngo-1906, isikolo sasinabantwana abangaphezulu kwama-250, ngokuhamba kwexesha, waye waqala nokufundisa abantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, umyeni wakhe wayengazithandi iindlela zakhe kwaye walushiya usapho ngo-1907. Engagungqiswanga, uMary uqhubekile nesikolo sakhe njengoko sikhula kakhulu ngeminikelo evela kwiintsapho ezityebileyo zasekuhlaleni. Njengokuba abafundi babesanda ngenani, wathenga esinye isakhiwo esibizwa ngokuba yi ‘Faith Hall.’ Wayeseqalisile nokwamkela iminikelo evela kubantu abamhlophe, nalapho wayegxekwa ngandlela thile, kodwa wenza izigqibo egcina ikamva labafundi bakhe. ‘Iziko likaCookman laMadoda’ eJacksonville, eFlorida, labonisa umdla wokudibana kwii-1920s zokuqala. UMary wayesazi ukuba ukuze anyamekele iindleko ezikhulayo zesikolo, kwafuneka aqhubeke nesibonelelo. Isikolo ke ngoko saba yi ‘Bethune – Cookman College’ ngo-1929, sinabafundi abangama-600 ababefunda kuso. Waba ngumongameli wesikolo kwakuloo nyaka mnye kwaye wahlala kwisithuba kude kube ngo-1942, ke ngoko waba ngumongameli wokuqala wekholeji yaseMelika. Wayekholelwa ekubeni ukuphakanyiswa kwabafazi abamnyama kwakuyeyona nto ibalulekileyo ebomini kubo bonke abantu base-Afrika-baseMelika eMelika. Waye wazula-zula enika iintetho ezinomlilo kwaye waziva onwabile xa abafazi abamnyama banikwa amalungelo okuvota ngo-1920. Qhubeka nokuFunda ezantsi Emva koko ke waba ngumongameli woMbutho 'weSizwe wabaseTyhini abaBala.' Kamva, ngo-1935, waseka 'iBhunga leSizwe lamaNigro Umbutho usebenzele ukujongana nokucalulwa kwabasetyhini abamnyama. Kubo bonke ubomi bakhe, wajongana nosongelo lobundlobongela obuvela kumaqela ahlukeneyo abamhlophe, anje nge 'KKK' kodwa akazange ashenxise i-intshi kwisitendi sakhe njengetshantliziyo elisebenzela ukuphucula ubomi babantu abamnyama kweli lizwe. Ngexesha lonyulo luka-1932, wayesebenza kwiphulo lomgqatswa uFranklin D. Roosevelt. Xa waba ngumongameli, wamenza ilungu ‘leKhabhinethi yakhe eMnyama.’ UMongameli Harry Truman naye wammisela kwikomiti yezokhuseleko kuzwelonke. Utyunjwe ukuba asebenze njengommeli osemthethweni kumsitho wokumiselwa kuka-Mongameli eLiberia. Ilungu lokuqala ‘loMbutho weSizwe Wokuqhubela phambili Abantu Abebala,’ wanceda ukumela iqela kwinkomfa yowe-1945 ekusekweni ‘kweZizwe Ezimanyeneyo,’ kunye neW.E.B. I-DuBois.
Amatshantliziyo abaNtsundu Amalungelo amaLungelo oLuntu Abantu abaNtsundu beMithombo yeendaba Usapho kunye noBomi baBakho UMary McLeod uBethune watshata no-Albertus Bethune ngo-1898. UAlbertus Bethune naye wayengutitshala. Wazala unyana wakhe, u-Albertus Mc Leod Bethune Jr., ngo-1899. Esi sibini sahlukana ngo-1907, no-Albertus wemka waya eSouth Carolina, apho wabulawa sisifo sephepha kwiminyaka embalwa kamva. Unyana wabo wahlala noMariya.Amatshantliziyo aMnyama oPolitiko Amatshantliziyo amaLungelo abaNtu abaNtsundu Abafazi baseMelika Ukufa kunye neMbeko UMary McLeod uBethune wasweleka ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo ngoMeyi 18, 1955. Wangcwatyelwa emhlabeni wesikolo sakhe. Ingcwaba lakhe lalifunda umama kuphela. Ikhaya lakhe e-Daytona Beach labhengezwa njengeLizwe eliMhlaba ngokuBalulekileyo. Indlu yakhe eWashington, DC yaphinda yabizwa ngokuba yindawo yeSizwe yeMbali. Ngo-1974, umfanekiso oqingqiweyo wemfundiso yakhe wafakwa eWashington, D.C’s ‘eLincoln Park.’ Waba ngumntu wokuqala wase-Afrika-waseMelika ukufumana eli wonga. Ikholeji ayiqalileyo iqhubeka ngamandla ukuza kuthi ga kulo mhla kwaye iqhubeka ikhuthaza abantu abatsha, ibakhumbuza ngomfazi owazinikezela ubomi bakhe bonke ukuphakamisa indawo yabamnyama ababecinezelwe eMelika. 
Izicatshulwa: Mna,Mna Ababhali babafazi Amatshantliziyo aBasetyhini Abahlohli Abasetyhini Ababhali baseMelika Amatshantliziyo aseMelika Abahlohli baseMelika AbaHlaziyi beNtlalontle Amatshantliziyo oLuntu aseTyhini Ababhali baseMelika baseMelika Amatshantliziyo aseMelika Abahlohli baseMelika baseMelika Ubuntu boLuntu bamaTyhini AbaHlaziyi bezeNtlalontle eMelika Ababhali abangaBhalisiyo Abaphembeleli bezopolitiko babafazi Ababhali baseMelika abaNgeyonyani Abapolitiki baseMelika Imithombo yeendaba yaseMelika Abafazi abaLwela amalungelo amaLungelo Amatshantliziyo amaMelika aseMelika AbaHlaziyi beNtlalontle baseMelika Amatshantliziyo ezopolitiko aseMelika Abantu baseMelika baseMedia Media Ababhali baseMelika abaNtsomi Amatshantliziyo amaMelika aseMelika Abafazi bomhlaza
