Wazalwa:259 BC
Wafa eneminyaka: 49
Kwaziwa njenge:Shihuangdi
Uzalwe e:Isandla
Idume njenge:Kumkani
Iinkokeli Abalawuli kunye neeKumkani
Usapho:utata:UKumkani uZhuangxiang waseQin
umama:ILady Zhao
abantakwenu:UChengjiao
abantwana:UFusu, Gao, Jianglü, uQin Er Shi
Usweleke kwi:210 BC
Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsiKuyacetyiswa Wena
Xi Jinping U-Hu Jintao Umgangatho weJiang Ilanga TzuNgubani uQin Shi Huang?
U-Qin Shi Huang wayengu-Emperor wokuqala we-China emanyeneyo, owayelawula ukusuka kwi-246 BC ukuya kwi-210 BC. Ubizwa ngokuba ngumanyano lwase China kwi-221 BC. Phambi kokubumbana, i-China yayenziwe ngamazwe aphambili asixhenxe awayehlala emfazweni elwa nomnye elwela ukungqina ubukhulu bawo. U-Huang wadibanisa onke amazwe alwayo kwaye wawamanyanisa kubukhosi obunye. Abalawuli ababengaphambi kwakhe babephethe iwonga lokuba ngukumkani, kodwa wathabatha iwonga lokuba ngumlawuli wokuqala wobukhosi baseQin. U-Qin Shi Huang wazalwa njengo-Ying Zheng, unyana omkhulu ka-Kumkani u-Zhuangxiang wase-Qin, umlawuli welizwe lase-Qin ngenkulungwane yesithathu ye-BC. Ukumkani wasweleka xa uYing Zheng wayeneminyaka eli-13 kuphela ubudala. Nangona le nkwenkwana yaphumelela esihlalweni sobukhosi, wayesemncinci kakhulu ukuba angalawula kwaye ke ngoko wancedwa yi-Nkulumbuso u-Lu Buwei owayesebenza njenge-regent yakhe iminyaka eliqela. U-Ying Zheng wagqiba ekubeni abe negunya elipheleleyo njengoKumkani wase-Qin emva kweminyaka yesiphithiphithi kwezopolitiko. Akuba ngukumkani, wazimisela ukuba andise ubukumkani bakhe ngokoyisa onke amazwe alwayo, emanyanisa isizwe esinye. Ekugqibeleni wathatha isihloko seQin Shihuangdi, oko kuthetha ukuba ngo-Agasti wokuqala kunye noMlawuli oyiNgcwele waseQinUluhlu olucetyiswayo:Uluhlu olucetyiswayo:
Ukufa okungaqhelekanga kwilizwe laMandulo Ama-30 Ezona Zona Zona Zimbi Zikhethekileyo Embali Abona Balawuli Bakhohlakeleyo Kwimbali
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Qinshihuang.jpg (Igcisa elingaziwayo / indawo yasesidlangalaleni) Ubuntwana kunye noBomi bokuqala Wazalelwa njengo-Ying Zheng ngomhla we-7 kuFebruwari 260 BC ukuya kwiQin prince Yiren kunye neLady Zhao. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iimbali-mlando zikholelwa ukuba wayengenguye unyana ka-Yiren, kodwa ngumrhwebi onobuqili obizwa ngokuba ngu-Lü Buwei owayekhe waba no-Lady Zhao njengeshweshwe lakhe. Umrhwebi uLü Buwei wayesondele kakhulu kuYiren, kwaye ngobuqhetseba bakhe bezopolitiko wanceda uYiren waba nguKumkani uZhuangxiang waseQin kwaye wakhonza njengeNkulumbuso yakhe. Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsi Ukunyuka kunye nokuBusa kwakhona UKumkani uZhuangxiang waseQin wasweleka emva kolawulo olufutshane lweminyaka nje emithathu ngo-246 BC kwaye engunyana wakhe omkhulu oneminyaka engama-13 ubudala, u-Ying Zheng wabekwa isithsaba senkosi. Ngoku wayebizwa ngokuba nguQin Wang Zheng (uKumkani uZheng waseQin). Kuba inkosi yayisencinci kakhulu, u-Nkulumbuso kayise u-Lü Buwei uqhubeke nokubamba isikhundla sakhe kwaye wenza njenge-regent kakumkani kule minyaka isibhozo izayo. UKumkani uZheng wafikelela kubudala beminyaka engama-22-iminyaka esemthethweni yokulawula ubukumkani eyedwa-ngo-238 BC. Ngeli xesha, umama wakhe, uLady Zhao wayethabathe isithandwa esibizwa ngokuba yiLao Ai awayenoonyana ababini ngasese. Ngoku uLao Ai uzame ukubhukuqa ukumkani omncinci kodwa inkosi yeva ngeyelenqe kwaye yambulala. Ukumkani wafumanisa ukuba iNkulumbuso u-Lü Buwei wayebandakanyekile kwiyelenqe kwaye wamgxotha eShu. U-Lü Buwei emva koko wazibulala. Ekugqibeleni u-Ying Zheng uthathe amandla apheleleyo njengoKumkani waseQin state ngo-235 BC. Emva koko ukhethe u-Li Si njenge chancellor entsha. Ukumkani ngoku wenza amaphulo aliqela okwandisa ubukhosi bakhe. Ngelo xesha, amazwe asixhenxe alwayo ayesenza iChina kwaye ilizwe ngalinye lalilwela ulawulo lomhlaba. U-Qin wayengomnye wamazwe, amanye e-Qi, Yan, Zhao, Han, Wei, no-Chu. Phakathi kwamanye amazwe amathandathu, uHan, uZhao, kunye noWei yayizikumkani ezintathu ngokuthe ngqo empuma yeQin. Kwingcebiso zikaLi Si, inkosi yaqala ngohlaselo olungqalileyo kuHan, Zhao, naseWei. Woyisa uHan kwi-230 BC, ilizwe laseZhao kwi-228 BC, ilizwe elisentla laseYan kwi-226 BC, ilizwe elincinci le-Wei kwi-225 BC. I-Chu, eyayilelona lizwe likhulu nelona mceli mngeni mkhulu, yabanjwa ngo-223 BC. Okwangoku wayesele enezihlomelo ezintlanu kwamanye amazwe amathandathu kwaye kwasala ubukumkani obuzimeleyo, ilizwe laseQi, kwimpuma ekude. Ukumkani waseQi wathumela ama-200,000 amajoni ukuba ayokukhusela ummandla wakhe kodwa babengadibani nemikhosi kaKing Zheng. Imikhosi yaseQin yoyisa iQi ngo-221 BC yaza yambamba ukumkani. Yayisisiganeko sembali njengesihlandlo sokuqala embalini yonke iChina yamanyaniswa phantsi komlawuli omnye. Kwakuloo nyaka mnye, okt i-221 BC, uKing Zheng wazibhengeza 'njengoKumkani wokuqala' uQin Shi Huang. Emva koko wenza i-He Shi Bi kwi-Imperial Seal, eyaziwa ngokuba yi 'Heirloom Seal of the Realm. Ekugqibeleni wahlulahlula ubukhosi baba ngaphezulu kwama-40. Ezi ndawo zokuyalela zahlulwa-hlulwa zaba zizithili, zii-counties, neeyunithi zosapho ezilikhulu. Kunye nomphathiswa ophumeleleyo u-Li Si, umlawuli walungelelanisa iiyunithi zemilinganiselo yase China ezinje ngobunzima kunye nemilinganiselo, imali, kunye nobude beeasi zeenqwelo zokuqhuba ukuhambisa indlela. Ngexesha lokulawula kwakhe isicatshulwa saseTshayina sasimanyene. Ngoku ukutyunjwa bekusekwe kulunge endaweni yelungelo lokuzalwa I-Qin ibibandakanyeka kwimilo kunye nesizwe seXiongnu kudala kodwa isizwe asinakoyiswa. Yiyo loo nto uQin Shi Huang eyalela ukuba kwakhiwe udonga olukhulu lokuzikhusela kwizizwe. Umsebenzi eludongeni wenziwa ngamakhulu amawaka amakhoboka nezaphuli mthetho phakathi konyaka wama-220 nowama-206 BC. Inxalenye yolu donga yenza icandelo lokuqala loko kuya kuba luDonga oluKhulu lwase China. Umsebenzi omkhulu U-Qin Shi Huang walawula njengo-Emperor wokuqala wobukhosi be-Qin kunye ne-China emanyeneyo ngo-221 BC Ngexesha lokulawula kwakhe ilizwe lase China lafumana ukwanda okukhulu kwaye ukwabikwa ukuba enze uhlengahlengiso olukhulu kwezoqoqosho nakwezopolitiko. Enye yeeprojekthi zakhe eziphambili zoluntu kukudityaniswa kweendonga zikarhulumente ezahlukileyo zibe ludonga olunye olukhulu lwase China. Ubomi bobuqu kunye nelifa UQin Shi Huang wayenamashweshwe aliqela kunye nabantwana abaninzi ngawo. Kukholelwa ukuba wazala abantwana abangama-50 kubo abamalunga nama-30 ababengoonyana. Unyana wakhe we-17, uFusu, wayeyiNkosana yesiKolo. Woyika ukufa kakhulu kwaye wakucekisa nokuthetha ngako. Ngaloo ndlela akazange enze intando. Wayefuna ukuphila ngonaphakade kwaye wafuna iyeza kude nakude ukuze afumane iyeza lokungafi. Usweleke nge-10 kaSeptemba 210 BC ngexesha lotyelelo lwaseMpuma China. Kwintsingiselo engaqondakaliyo, ukubhubha kwakhe kwenzeka emva kokuba etshise iipilisi ze-mercury, ezenziwe ngoochwephesha bezonyango kunye noogqirha benkundla bezama ukumenza angafi. Unyana wakhe uFusu wayefanele ukuba angene ezihlangwini zakhe kodwa wasuswa ziintshaba zakhe ezazimnyanzela ukuba azibulale. Unyana womlawuli we-18, uHuhai, wangena esihlalweni sobukhosi.
