Usuku lokuzalwa: NgoJanuwari 9 , Ngo-1913
Wafa eneminyaka: 81
Umqondiso welanga: Capricorn
Kwaziwa njenge:URichard Milhous Nixon
Ilizwe lokuzalwa: eunited States
Uzalwe e:IYorba Linda, California, United States
Idume njenge:UMongameli wama-37 waseUnited States
Iingcaphuno zikaRichard Nixon Abaongameli
Ukuphakama: 5'11 '(180i-CM),5'11 'Kubi
Usapho:Iqabane / Ex-: California
Iingcamango: Iiriphabliki
Iinkcukacha ezithe kratyaImfundo:Ikholeji yaseWhittier (BA), iYunivesithi yaseDuke (JD)
amabhaso:Imbasa yaseMelika
Imbasa yePhulo laseAsia-Pacific
Imbasa yeMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi
Kuyacetyiswa Wena
UPat Nixon UJoe Biden UDonald Trump UArnold Mnyama ...Wayengubani uRichard Nixon?
URichard Milhous Nixon wayengumongameli wase-37 wase-US, owathi warhoxa e-ofisini ngenxa yokuzibandakanya kwi-Watergate Scandal. Uzalelwe kwaye wakhulela kwintlupheko, wayemele asebenze kwivenkile katata wakhe ngaphambi kokuya esikolweni. Ukanti, ukwazile ukugqwesa kokubini kwizifundo nakwiingxoxo. Ungenele ezopolitiko kungekudala emva kokuba eqale umsebenzi wakhe kwezomthetho, esiba lilungu leNdlu yabaMeli eneminyaka engama-33, uSenator eneminyaka engama-37, usekela-mongameli wase-USA eneminyaka engama-40 kunye nomongameli eneminyaka engama-55. I-White House, yakwazi ukuphelisa ukubandakanyeka kweMelika eVietnam, yavula ngokuthe ngqo unxibelelwano neChina kwaye yasayina izivumelwano ezili-10 kunye ne-USSR. Ekhaya, wazisa amanyathelo okulawula ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, okwamnceda ukuba anqobe elinye ixesha lokuba ngumongameli ngokubetha umhlaba. Nangona kunjalo, iScandal saseWatergate esivelileyo kungekudala emva kokuchongwa kwakhona kwamnyanzela ukuba arhoxe esihlalweni. Nguye kuphela uMongameli wase-US oye wanyanzelwa. Uchithe iminyaka yakhe yokugqibela kwisiXeko saseNew York, ebhala, ehambahamba ethetha, ekugqibeleni waba ligosa likarhulumente elaziwayo.Uluhlu olucetyiswayo:Uluhlu olucetyiswayo:
Abongameli baseMerika abashushu, badweliswe
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Richard_Nixon_-_Presidential_portrait.jpg (UJames Anthony Wills [Indawo yoluntu])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile: URichard_M._Nixon,_ca._1935_-_1982_-_NARA_-_530679.jpg (Oovimba-mpepha beSizwe e-College Park [Public domain])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:RichardNixon.jpg (Ofisi yeNdlu yeWhite House [Indawo kaRhulumente])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Richard_Nixon_09_Jul_1972.png (Urhulumente wase-United States Federal [Indawo yoluntu])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Richard_Nixon_congressional_portrait.jpg (Jonga iphepha lombhali [Indawo yasesidlangalaleni])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Richard_Nixon_portrait.jpg (Jonga iphepha lombhali [Indawo yasesidlangalaleni])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://www.flickr.com/photos/ [imeyile ikhuselwe] / 10500984814 (UTommy Truong79)MnaQhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsiAbaongameli baseMelika Iinkokheli zopolitiko zaseMelika Amadoda aseCapricorn Umsebenzi wokuqala Ngo-1937, uRichard Nixon wabuyela eCarlifonia apho wazibandakanya khona neqela lezomthetho elidumileyo elibizwa ngokuba yi ‘Wingert kunye neBewley’. Wayesebenza ikakhulu kwizimangalo zorhwebo kunye nomyolelo. Wayewaphepha amatyala oqhawulo-mtshato kuba wayengathandi ukuthetha nabasetyhini ngemicimbi yesondo. Ngo-1938, wavula isebe lakhe laseWingert nelaseBewley eLa Habra, eCalifornia, kwaye waba liqabane elipheleleyo lenkampani ngo-1939. NgoJanuwari ka-1942 wafudukela eWashington, DC, apho wazibandakanya necandelo lokwaba amavili eOfisi. yoLawulo lweXabiso. NgoJuni 15, 1942, wajoyina i-US Naval Reserve njenge-lieutenant encinci. Nangona engazange athathe inxaxheba kumlo othe ngqo, wafumana iinkwenkwezi ezimbini kunye nezincomo ezininzi ngokuzinikela kwakhe emsebenzini, ekugqibeleni wanyukela kwisikhundla sokuba yinjengele yomkhosi. Wayeka ukusebenza ngoJanuwari 1, 1946. KwiNgqungquthela Ngokukhawuleza emva kokubuyela kwakhe kubomi basekuhlaleni, uRichard Nixon wacelwa ngabantu baseRiphabhlikhi baseWhittier ukuba balwele unyulo lukazwelonke. Nangona wayechasene nenkululeko yamaxesha amahlanu, uDemokhrasi uJerry Voorhis, waphakama waya kumceli mngeni kwaye waphumelela isihlalo kwiNdlu yabameli ngoNovemba 1946. Ngexesha lakhe lokuqala, wabelwa kwiKomiti eKhethekileyo yoNcedo lwaNgaphandle. Uye eYurophu njengenxalenye yeKomiti yeHerter eyokunika ingxelo ngesiCwangciso seMarshall. Kungekudala, wazimisela njengengcali kwimigaqo-nkqubo yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngo-1947, waba lilungu leKomiti yezeNdlu engeyiyo eyaseMelika (HAUC). Kwesi sikhundla, uthathe inxaxheba ekhokelela ekuphandeni i-Alger Hiss kunye nokuzisa kwibhokisi yamangqina. Imibuzo yakhe enobutshaba ayikhokelelanga nje ekuvalelweni kukaHiss, kodwa yaphinda yamisa igama likaNixon njengeqela elichasene nobukomanisi. Ngo-1950, uNixon waphumelela isihlalo kwiNdlu yeeNgwevu ngokuwoyisa uHelen Gahagan Douglas. NjengeNdlu yeeNgwevu, wadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuchaseni ubukomanisi behlabathi. Kungekudala, umfanekiso wakhe ochasene nobukomanisi wabamba ingqalelo kaDwight D. Eisenhower kwaye ngo-1952; wonyulwa njengesekela likamongameli. Kwiiveki ezimbini phambi konyulo luka-Mongameli ngo-1952, iNew York Post yaxela ukuba abaxhasi bakaNixon baqhuba 'islush fund' yemisebenzi yakhe yezopolitiko. Nangona kunjalo, wanikwa ithuba lokuzicoca, nto leyo wayenza ngedilesi ekhethwe kumabonakude kuzwelonke nge-23 kaSeptemba 1952. Kodwa amaphepha-ndaba ahlala emchasile. NjengoSekela Mongameli Ngo-1953, uRichard Nixon waba usekela-mongameli e-United States, ngelixa u-Eisenhower wafungiswa njengo-Mongameli. Nangona wayengenamandla amancinci njengesekela mongameli, ukugula rhoqo kuka-Eisenhower ngo-1955 kwamvumela ukuba andise indima yakhe ngokuthe ngcembe. Qhubeka nokufunda apha ngezantsi ngexesha lokungabikho kuka-Eisenhower, uNixon usihlalo wekhabhinethi kunye neentlanganiso zeBhunga lezoKhuseleko kuZwelonke. Wayesoloko esiya kukhenketho lwangaphandle kwaye eqala ukuchitha ixesha elininzi kwimigaqo-nkqubo yamanye amazwe. Ngaxeshanye, waqala ukukhankasela unyulo luka-1954. Ngelishwa, amaRiphabhlikhi aphulukana nolawulo lweNdlu yabameli kunye neNdlu yeeNgwevu. Ngo-Novemba ngo-1956 unyulo lobongameli, u-Eisenhower kunye no-Nixon baphinde bakhethwa ngomgama omnandi. Ngo-1957, uNixon wahambela e-Afrika kwaye ekubuyeni kwakhe, wanceda ekupasiseni umthetho wamaLungelo oLuntu wango-1957. Ngo-1960, waqalisa iphulo lakhe lokuqala lobumongameli, kodwa woyiswa ngumchasi wakhe uJohn F. Kennedy, owabiza igazi elitsha. UNixon wabuyela eCarlifonia ngo-1961 waphinda waqhuba umthetho wakhe. Wabaleka isikhundla serhuluneli yase-California ngo-1962, kodwa waphulukana. NjengoMongameli wase-US Ngo-1963, uRichard Nixon wafudukela eNew York, apho waba liqabane eliphezulu kwinkampani yezomthetho, ‘uNixon, Mudge, Rose, Guthrie & Alexander’. Nangona kunjalo, akazange aphulukane nokunxibelelana nezopolitiko, ekhankasela ngokunyaniseka uBarry Goldwater, umtyunjwa weRiphabhlikhi kunyulo luka-1964. Ngo-1967, wagqiba kwelokuba angenele ubumongameli kwakhona, ekugqibeleni waphumelela unyulo ngo-Novemba ngo-1968. Woyisa imbangi yakhe ekufutshane nge-500,000 yeevoti kwaye wafungiswa njengo-Mongameli wama-37 wase-United States nge-20 kaJanuwari 1969. Ngelo xesha Ixabiso lentengo laliphezulu njenge-4.7% e-US, yona kunye neMfazwe yaseVietnam, eyayibangela ukusilela kohlahlo-lwabiwo mali. UNixon waqonda ukuba ekuphela kwendlela yokulawula yayikukuphelisa iMfazwe yaseVietnam. Utyhile umgaqo-nkqubo 'weVietnamization', owawufuna ukunciphisa amajoni aseMelika eVietnam, ehambisa umthwalo wokulwa imfazwe eMzantsi Vietnam. Emva kothethathethwano olunzulu, isivumelwano satyikitywa phakathi kwe-USA kunye noMntla Vietnam e-Janyuwari ngo-1973, nalapho amajoni ase-Melika arhoxiswa ngokupheleleyo e-Vietnam nge-29 ka-Matshi. Ukusekwa konxibelelwano oluthe ngqo ne-People's Republic of China emva kweminyaka engama-25 yoqhekeko yayisesinye sezona ziphambili kuye. impumelelo kumgaqo-nkqubo wezangaphandle. Yonke le nto yaqala ngo-1971-1972 'nge-ping-pong diplomacy' ngamaqela aseTshayina naseMelika etafileni yentenetya. Emva kwexesha ngoFebruwari 1972, uNixon watyelela i-China, apho waqonda khona 'uMgaqo-nkqubo omnye wase China'. Ngo-Meyi ka-1972, watyelela eMoscow, etyikitya izivumelwano ezili-10 kunye ne-USSR, phakathi kwazo kwakukho izivumelwano zokuthintela izixhobo zenyukliya ezinje nge-SALT I kunye nememorandam ebizwa ngokuba 'yimigaqo esisiseko yobudlelwane base-US-Soviet'. Imigaqo-nkqubo yakhe enxulumene noMbindi Mpuma nayo yaphumelela ngokulinganayo. Qhubeka nokuFunda ezantsi kwemigaqo-nkqubo yasekhaya yeNixon egxile kulawulo lokwehla kwamandla emali, injongo awayenako ukuyifumana ngo-1972 ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elikhulu. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zayo zabonwa nakwikota yakhe yesibini njengo-Mongameli emva kokuphumelela kwakhe ngo-Novemba 7, 1972. I-Watergate kunye ne-Impeachment Ngethuba elithile ngo-1972, phambi kokhetho lonyulo lukaMongameli, i-rumor yaqala ukujikeleza ukuba i-White House ibandakanyeka kwimeko ebonakalayo yokuqhekeza kwi-Watergate complex eWashington, DC Kuba yayiyiKomkhulu loNyulo lweLizwe leDemokhrasi, uphando olupheleleyo lubizwa ye. Emva kophando olunzulu, i-FBI iqinisekisile ukuba abancedisi bakaNixon bazamile ukuphazamisa ithemba lonyulo lweeDemokhrasi. Emva kwexesha, yatyhilwa yikomiti yeSenate ukuba uNixon wayezamile ukufihla iinyani ezithile. Nangona uNixon eqhubeka nokucela ubumsulwa, ukonyuka koxinzelelo lwezopolitiko kwamnyanzela ukuba akhulule amaphepha ayi-1,200 eencoko phakathi kwakhe nabancedisi be-White House. Ngo-Meyi ka-1974, iKomiti yezoBulungisa yeNdlu, elawulwa ziiDemokhrasi, yavula ukumangalelwa kwakhe. Esoyika ukugwetywa emva kwetyala, uNixon warhoxa e-ofisini ngo-Agasti 9, 1974 wafudukela ekhayeni lakhe eSan Clemente, California. NgoSeptemba 8, 1974, waxolelwa ngumlandeli wakhe, uMongameli Ford, awayemmisele njengosekela Mongameli ngo-1973. Usapho kunye noBomi baBakho URichard Nixon watshata noThelma Catherine ‘Pat’ Ryan kumsitho omncinci ngoJuni 21, 1940. Wadibana wathandana naye xa wayedlala umdlalo weqonga eWhittier ngonyaka ka 1938. Babenentombi ezimbini; UPatricia Nixon, owazalwa ngo-1946 noJulie Nixon, owazalwa ngo-1948. Ekuqaleni emva kokurhoxa emsebenzini, uNixon waphila ubomi obufihlakeleyo; kodwa ngo-1977, waqala ukubuyela kubomi boluntu, ehamba ethetha kwihlabathi liphela. Ngo-1978, wapapasha incwadi yakhe yokuqala kwezili-10, ethi ‘RN: The Memoirs of Richard Nixon’. Kungekudala, waqala ukuthathwa njengengcali yomgaqo-nkqubo wezangaphandle. UPat Nixon wasweleka ngumhlaza ngoJuni 22, 1993, ilahleko eyonakalisa kakhulu umyeni wakhe. URichard Nixon wasweleka ngenxa yesifo esibuhlungu kwiinyanga ezili-10 kamva, ngo-Epreli 22, 1994, kwisiXeko saseNew York. Njengokuba umzimba wakhe wawulele kwigumbi lokungenela leNixon, malunga nabantu abangama-50 000 beza kunika imbeko yabo yokugqibela, belinde emgceni phantse iiyure ezili-18 ngaphandle kwemozulu ebandayo nethambileyo. Wangcwatywa ecaleni komfazi wakhe kwindawo yakhe yokuzalwa, eYorba Linda, eCalifornia.
