Usuku lokuzalwa: Ngomhla we-11 kaMeyi , Ngo-1904

Wafa eneminyaka: 84

Umqondiso welanga: ITaurus

Uzalwe e:Ikhiwane

Idume njenge:Umzobi weSurrealist

Amadoda amaSpanishi Abapeyinti beSpanishi

umbono wezopolitiko:I-Anarchist kunye ne-Monarchist

utata:USalvador Dalí noCusí

umama:UFelipa Domenech Ferrés

Usweleke kwi: NgoJanuwari 23 , Ngo-1989

Ubuntu: ENFP

Izifo kunye nokukhubazeka: Isifo sikaParkinson

Kuyacetyiswa Wena

Ngubani uSalvador Dali?

Uluhlu olucetyiswayo:

umsindisi UDali Ubuntwana UDali wazalwa njengoSalvador Doménec Felip uJacint Dalí e-Domènech ngomhla we-11 kuCanzibe ngo-1904 kwidolophu yaseFiviueres eyayibekwe kufutshane nomda waseFrance eCatalonia, eSpain. USalavador Dali wazalelwa utata uSalvador Dalí i Cusí, igqwetha elikwinqanaba eliphakathi kunye notary kunye nomama uFelipa Domenech Ferrés owayekhuthaze uDali kakhulu kwimisebenzi yakhe yobugcisa. Ngeminyaka eyi-5, uDali wasiwa engcwabeni lomntakwabo kwaye waxelelwa ngabazali bakhe ukuba wayengumfanekiso ozelwe ngokutsha womntakwabo awathi uDali waqalisa ukukholelwa kungekudala. UDali waya kwisikolo sokuzoba. Ngo-1916 uDali wenza uhambo lwasehlotyeni oluya eCadaqués kunye nosapho lukaRamon Pichot, umculi wasekhaya owenza uhambo oluya rhoqo eParis, kwaye waphefumlelwa kakhulu yimizobo yanamhlanje. Ngo-1917 utata kaDali waququzelela umboniso owawubonisa imizobo yamalahle kaDali kwaye lo mboniso wawubanjelwe kwikhaya labo losapho. Kwakungaphambi ko-1919 apho uDali wabamba umboniso wakhe wokuqala wobugcisa kuluntu kwiMidlalo yeTheatre kaMasipala eFiueres. UDali wayeneminyaka eli-16 ubudala xa waswelekelwa ngunina ngoFebruwari 1921 xa wasweleka emva kokuhlaselwa ngumhlaza wamabele. Kwiminyaka yakhe yamva uDali wayevakalise usizi lwakhe esithi ukusweleka kukamama wakhe, lelona qabaza lalinkulu endakha ndalifumana ebomini bam. Ndamnqula ... andinakho ukurhoxa ekulahlekelweni ngumntu endandibala kuye ukuba ndizenze zingabonakali iziphako zomphefumlo wam. Ngomama kaDali ongasekhoyo utata wakhe watshata udade womfazi wakhe ongasekhoyo. UDali ebengachasani nalomtshato nanjengoko wayemthanda kwaye emhlonipha kakhulu umakazi wakhe. Ubomi eMadrid naseParis Ngo-1922 uDali watshintshela eResidencia de Estudiantes (Indawo yokuhlala yaBafundi) eMadrid ukuze aqhubeke nezifundo zakhe e-Academia de San Fernando (School of Fine Arts). Ngokukhawuleza uDali wafumana ingqalelo enkulu kwindlela yakhe yokunxiba enefashoni kunye nokuziphatha kwakhe oku-ome. Kwikholeji yakhe Wayesaziwa ngokunxiba iinwele ezinde kunye neebhulukhwe ezisecaleni, idyasi, iisokisi, kunye neebhulukhwe zamadolo kwisitayile sesiNgesi ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19. Ngoxa babehlala kwindawo yaBafundi uDali waba ngumhlobo noPepín Bello, uLuis Buñuel, noFederico García Lorca. UDali wabelana ngobuhlobo obusondeleyo noLorca owayenze inkqubela phambili ngokwesondo kuDali owathi kamva wakwala. UDali wafumana ingqwalaselo ephezulu kubalingane afunda nabo ngemizobo yakhe egxile ikakhulu kubugcisa beCubism. UDali wayengenalo nxibelelwano ngqo nomculi we-cubist kodwa umthombo wakhe kuphela wolwazi malunga nobugcisa beCubist uvela kumanqaku ephephancwadi nakwikhathalogu ayinikwe nguPichot, kuba kwakungekho magcisa eCubist eMadrid ngelo xesha. Ekuqaleni uDali wayengenalo ulwazi olupheleleyo malunga nobugcisa beetyhubhu. Ngo-1924 uDali wenza umzekeliso wakhe wokuqala wencwadi. Wayengumculi ongaziwayo ngeli xesha. Ngo-1926 uDali wagxothwa kwiKholeji yakhe yobuGcisa ngokwenza ingxelo yokuba kwakungekho mntu wayenobuchule bokumvavanya nomsebenzi wakhe. Ngo-1926 uqobo uDali wavelisa umsebenzi wakhe wobugcisa oqaqambileyo, ‘iBhasikithi yeSonka’ eyayixhasa owona mlinganiso wakhe uphezulu wokupeyinta. Kwakhona ngo-1926 uDali wenza enye intshukumo ngokufudukela eParis, apho wadibana khona noPablo Picasso (uvulindlela waseCubism), owayehlonelwa nguDalí oselula. Umsebenzi omninzi kaDali wawuneempembelelo ezinzima ezivela kuPicasso noJoan Miró. U-Picasso weva okuninzi ngoDali kunye nobugcisa bakhe kwaye ekuhambeni kwexesha uDali wakhulisa eyakhe indlela yobugcisa. Ifom yobugcisa bukaDali yayixutywe ngokugqithisileyo kwaye inendlela yakudala. Watsala iimpembelelo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa kunye neempembelelo zakhe zakudala zaziquka imisebenzi kaRafael, uBronzino, uFrancisco de Zurbaran, uVermeer noVelázquez. Ngamanye amaxesha uDali wayedibanisa iindlela zakudala kunye nezala maxesha kwaye ngamanye amaxesha wazisebenzisa ezi ndlela ngokwahlukeneyo kwimizobo yakhe. UDali wakhula amadevu kwii-1920s ezaye zaqhubeka ukuba ziimpawu ezibonakalayo. Amadevu akhe aphenjelelwa ngumzobi wekhulu leshumi elinesixhenxe waseSpain u-Diego Velázquez awayeyigcina ebomini kwaye yaba luphawu lwentengiso yakhe. Umsebenzi kunye noBomi ukusuka ngo-1929 ukuya kwiMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi Ngomnyaka we-1929 waya kwintsebenziswano nomlawuli wefilimu u-Luis Buñuel ukukhupha ifilimu emfutshane i-Un Chien Andalou (Inja yaseAndalusian). Isicatshulwa sefilimu sincediswe kakhulu nguDali owathi naye wanceda uBuuuel ngokufota iprojekthi. Ngo-Agasti 1929 uDali wadibana nenkosikazi yakhe yexesha elizayo, u-Elena Ivanovna Dyakonova owayengumkhuthazi wegcisa kwaye wayesaziwa njengoGala. Ngo-1929 uDali wabandakanyeka kwimiboniso yakhe ebalulekileyo kwaye waba lilungu elisemthethweni leqela leSurrealist kwikota yaseMontparnasse eParis. UDali waduma uninzi lwabaphengululi bemdumisa njengegcisa elikhulu kwimizamo yakhe emikhulu kwindlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokufikelela kwi-subconscious yoyilo olukhulu lobugcisa. Ukwanda kokungavisisani kukaDali kunye notata wakhe (ngokunxulumene nokuthandana kukaDali noGala kunye nomboniso obonisa umzobo kaDali weNtliziyo eNgcwele kaYesu Krestu apho wayebhale khona Ngamanye amaxesha, ndatshicela ukonwaba kumfanekiso kamama owawumcaphukisa ngokupheleleyo) kwamkhokelela ekubeni aphoswe Uphume kwikhaya lakhe lobuzali ngomhla wama-28 kweyoMnga ngo-1929. Utata kaDali wamgrogrisa ngokulahla lonke ilifa likayise kwaye uDali washiyeka engenayo enye indlela ngaphandle kokuqesha indlu yabalobi encinci kwichweba elikufutshane ePort Lligat ukuze aqale ukuhlala neGala. Ekuhambeni kwexesha uDali wayithenga le ndawo kwaye wayandisa kwindlu ekufutshane nolwandle. Ngomnyaka we-1931, uDalí watyhila enye yezona zinto zakhe zidumileyo Ukunyamezelwa kweMemori ebonisa eyona nto iphambili ekuthambekeni - ukuthambisa, ukunyibilika kweewotshi okokuqala. UDalio noGala batshata ngo-1934 kumsitho waseburhulumenteni emva kokuhlala kunye iminyaka eliqela ukusukela ngo-1929. Ngo-1934 uDali waziswa e-USA nguJulian Levy, umthengisi wezobugcisa. Umsebenzi wakhe Ukuzingisa kweMemori wafumana udumo kwangoko kwaye waba ngumntu odumileyo kwaye waya kwiibhola ezahlukeneyo kunye namaqela. UDali wayezimase itheko elalisenziwa eNew York, elalilungiselelwe i-heiress Caresse Crosby ngo-1934. Kwakungunyaka ka-1934 apho iSurrealsits yaqala ukuba likhulu kwaye uDali wakwala ukuba yinxalenye yobudlelwane obabuzotywa phakathi kobugcisa nezopolitiko. Kwesi sikhundla uDali watyholwa ngokukhusela into entsha engenangqondo kwinto kaHitler ngu-surrealist odumileyo, u-André Breton owakhanyelwa ngokukhawuleza ngu-Dali owathi, andiyi-Hitlerian enyanisweni okanye injongo. UDali wanamathela esidlangalaleni kwi-surrealism (wayehlala engoyena mxhasi ubalaseleyo kwaye ebambelela kunyango) kodwa kwangaxeshanye akazange abulahle ubu-fascism obabukhathaza ii-surrealists kunye no-Dali bawela engxakini noogxa bakhe. Ekupheleni konyaka ka-1934 uDali wajongana nesilingo esamgxotha ngokusesikweni kwiqela le-Surrealist awathi kulo, Mna ngokwam ndingu-surrealism. Ngo-1936 uDali wathatha inxaxheba kwi-London International Surrealist Exhibition apho wafundisa khona i-Fantomes paranoiaques eqinisekisiwe enxibe isuti enxibe ulwandle kunye nesigcina-ntloko. UDali wayeze kulo mboniso ephethe ibilliard cue kwaye ekhokhela iingcuka zaseRussia kwaye isigcina-ntloko sakhe sasingakhukulwanga xa wayekhefuzela ngaphambi kokuba aphawule ngesenzo esithi, bendifuna ukubonisa ukuba 'ndiziphosa nzulu' ebantwini ingqondo. Ngexesha lika-1936 uDali wancedwa kakhulu ngumphathi wakhe wase-London, u-Edward James owayesisityebi kakhulu kwaye wayethenge imisebenzi emininzi ka-Dali. Ngo-1938 uDali wadibana noSigmund Freud ngoncedo lukaStefan Zweig. Ekupheleni kukaSeptemba 1938, uSalvador Dalí wamenywa nguGabrielle Coco Chanel endlwini yakhe La Pausa eRoquebrune. Wapeyinta imifanekiso emininzi apho kamva wayibonisa kwigalari yaseJulien Levy eNew York. Ngo-1939 uDali wajongana nokuthukwa ezandleni zikaBreton owaqamba igama elithi Avida Dollars elaliyi-anagram kaSalvador Dalí, kunye nefonetiki yokubonelela ngesiFrentshi ngeedola, ethi xa iguqulelwe ize 'ilangazelele iidola'. Le yayiyinto ehlekisayo kuDali njengoko imisebenzi yakhe yayikhombe njengemisebenzi yorhwebo. Bekuqondwa ukuba uDali ufuna lonke udumo nobutyebi kwaye bekukho ii-surrealists eziqale ukuthetha ngoDali ngokungathi ufile. Ngexesha le-1940 iMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi yayigubungele iYurophu iphela kwaye uDali wafudukela eUnited States kunye nenkosikazi yakhe uGala ababehlala apho iminyaka esi-8. Ngo-1941, uDalí wenza uyilo lwefilimu kaJean Gabin ogama linguMontide. Ngomnyaka we-1942 uDalí wapapasha ingxelo yakhe, Ubomi obufihlakeleyo bukaSalvador Dalí. Ubhale iikhathalogu ezininzi zemiboniso yakhe enye yazo ingumboniso obalulekileyo eKnoedler Gallery eNew York ngo-1943. Ngo-1944 uDali wabhala inoveli malunga nesalon yefashoni yeemoto. Ubomi eCatalonia UDali waqala ukuhlala eCatalonia yakhe ayithandayo ukusukela ekuqaleni konyaka ka-1949. Imisebenzi kaDali yamva yaliwa ngooSurrealists nabagxeki bobugcisa ngezizathu zopolitiko kuphela. Ngomnyaka we-1959, u-André Breton waququzelela umboniso owawubizwa ngokuba yiHomage to Surrealism ebonisa imisebenzi kaDalí, uJoan Miró, u-Enrique Tábara, no-Eugenio Granell njengombhiyozo wesikhumbuzo seminyaka engamashumi amane. Imisebenzi yasemva kwemfazwe kaDali ubukhulu becala yayiyeyona nto ibalulekileyo kubuchwephesha bobuchwephesha, umbono oqaqambileyo, isayensi kunye nenkolo. Imisebenzi eqaphelekayo kaDali ngeli xesha zezi, iMadonna yasePort-Lligat '(inguqulelo yokuqala) (1949) kunye neCorpus Hypercubus (1954), La Gare de Perpignan (1965) kunye neHallucinogenic Toreador (1968-70). Ngo-1960, uDalí waqala ukusebenza kwiDalí Theatre kunye neMyuziyam kwidolophu yasekhaya yaseFiueres eyayinokuba yeyona projekthi inkulu inye kwaye eyona nto yayijolise kuyo ngamandla akhe onke ngo-1974. Wongeza phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-1980. Ngo-1968 uDalí wafota intengiso kamabonwakude ehlekisayo yeetshokholethi zikaLanvin awazibanga ngesiFrentshi esithi 'Je suis fou de chocolat Lanvin!' (Ndiyaphambana ngeshokholethi kaLanvin). Ngo-1969 uDali wayila uphawu lweChupa Chups. Ngo-1969 ngokwakhe wanikelwa ekwenzeni intengiso yokhuphiswano lweNgoma ye-Eurovision ka-1969 apho wenza khona umfanekiso omkhulu wesinyithi owawumi eqongeni eTeatro Real eMadrid. Umsebenzi wokupeyinta ngaphandle UDali wasebenza kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo kunye nezinye izinto kwaye wenza igalelo elikhulu kwimidlalo yeqonga, kwifashoni nakwifoto, phakathi kwezinye iindawo anomdla kuzo. Ukususela phakathi ko-1941 no-1970, uDalí wadala iigugu ezingama-39 ezazinobugcisa obuyinkimbinkimbi. Elona jelo libalaseleyo iRoyal Heart lenziwe ngegolide laza laxhonywa ngeerubhi ezingama-46, iidayimani ezingama-42, kunye neemeraldi ezine ezenziwa ngohlobo lokuba iziko labetha ngentliziyo njengophawu lwentliziyo. UDali wenze igalelo elikhulu ekwenzeni imeko yemidlalo yeqonga kaFederico García Lorca ka-1927 umdlalo wothando uMariana Pineda. UDali wayenomdla kwiifilimu ukusukela ebuntwaneni bakhe. Uzukiswa ngokuba ngumdibanisi we-Luis Buñuel's surrealist ye-Un Chien Andalou, umzuzu we-17 wobugcisa baseFrance obhalwe kunye noLuis Buñuel. UDali usebenze nabanye abenzi beefilimu abaninzi ababandakanya uAlfred Hitchcock awathi uDali wamenzela ulandelelwano lwamaphupha kwifilimu iSpellbound. Uye wasebenza kwimveliso yefilimu emfutshane yeDisney iDestino. Ngo-1975 uDali wagqiba ukusebenza kwifilimu, Imiboniso ye-Upper Mongolia apho uDali abalise ibali ngohambo lokukhangela amakhowa amakhulu e-hallucinogenic. Imifanekiso yefilimu yayisekwe kumabala microscopic euric acid kwibhanti yobhedu yepeni yebhola apho uDalí wayechama khona iiveki ezininzi. Iminyaka kamva kunye nokufa Umfazi kaDali uGala wasweleka ngomhla we-10 kuJuni 1982 emva koko uDali wayengenamnqweno wokuphila. KwakungoNovemba 1988 awathi uDali wangeniswa esibhedlele emva kokwehluleka kwentliziyo. Nge-5 kaDisemba uDali wasweleka.