Usuku lokuzalwa: Ngomhla wamashumi amathathu ananye ku-Matshi , 1685
Wafa eneminyaka: 65
Umqondiso welanga: IiAries
Ilizwe lokuzalwa: Jemani
Uzalwe e:I-Eisenach, iSaxxe-Eisenach
Idume njenge:Umqambi
Iingcaphuno zikaJohann Sebastian Bach Abaqambi
Usapho:
Iqabane / Ex-:UAnna Magdalena Bach (m. 1721), uMaria Barbara Bach (m. 1707-1720)
utata:UJohann Ambrosius Bach
umama:UMaria Elisabetha Lämmerhirt
abantakwenu:UJohann Balthasar Bach, uJohn Christoph Bach, uJohn Jacob Bach, uJohn Jonas Bach, uJohn Rudolf Bach, uJohanna Juditha Bach, uMaria Salome Bach
abantwana:UCarl Philipp Emanuel Bach, uCatharina Dorothea Bach, uChristian Gottlieb Bach, uChristiana Benedicta Louise Bach, uChristiana Dorothea Bach, uChristiana Sophia Henrietta Bach, uElisabeth Juliana Friederica Bach, u-Ernestus Andreas Bach, uGottfried Heinrich Bach, uJohann August Abraham Bach, uJohann Christian Bach UChristoph Bach, uJohann Christoph Friedrich Bach, uJohann Gottfried Bernhard Bach, uJohanna Carolina Bach, uLeopold Augustus Bach, uMaria Sophia Bach, uRegina Johanna Bach, uRegina Susanna Bach, uWilhelm Friedemann Bach
Usweleke kwi: Julayi 28 , Ngo-1750
indawo yokufa:Leipzig
Iinkcukacha ezithe kratyaImfundo:Isikolo iSt. Michael
Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsiKuyacetyiswa Wena
UHans Zimmer UAndré Previn URichard Georg S ... UKurt WeillWayengubani uJohann Sebastian Bach?
UJohann Sebastian Bach wayengumqambi waseJamani owazalwa ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesixhenxe kusapho olunomculo e-Eisenach, eJamani. Wafumana uqeqesho lomculo kwangoko phantsi koyise kunye nomalume wakhe. Waphulukana nabazali bakhe esemncinci emva koko umntakwabo omkhulu wamthatha wamngenisa endlwini yakhe baqala ukumfundisa. Nge-15, wathunyelwa kwi-'Michaelis 'yeemonki eLüneburg, apho wagqiba khona uqeqesho. U-Bach waqala umsebenzi wakhe njenge-violinist e-Weimar emva koko watshintshela e-Arnstadt njenge-organist. Ukusuka apho, waya eMühlhausen emva koko waya kwiNkundla yaseWeimar. Emva koko, wafudukela eKöthen ngaphambi kokuhlala eLeipzig. Ngelishwa, abaqeshi bakhe babengenaluvelwano kwiminqweno yakhe okanye kwitalente yakhe, ngenxa yoko akafumananga mali okanye udumo ngexesha lokudla kwakhe ubomi. Umculo wakhe wafunyanwa kwakhona malunga neminyaka engama-50 emva kokubhubha kwakhe; Ngelo xesha uninzi lwendalo yakhe lwalulahlekile. Namhlanje, uthathwa njengomnye wabaqambi abakhulu bexesha lonke.Uluhlu olucetyiswayo:Uluhlu olucetyiswayo:
Abantu Abaziwayo Ongabaziyo Ziinkedama Abantu abadumileyo esinqwenela ukuba babesaphila Ezona ngqondo zibalaseleyo kwimbali
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Johann_Sebastian_Bach.jpg (U-Elias Gottlob Haussmann [Indawo yoluntu])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D5yf4rnO4rE (ClassicalMusicTVHD)
Ityala lemifanekiso https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xq2WTXtKurk (IsisekoJG)
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile:Johann_Sebastian_Bach_1746.jpg (U-Elias Gottlob Haussmann [Indawo yoluntu])Iimvumi zaseJamani Amadoda angama-Aries Kwi-Ohrdruf naseLuneburg Ngelo xesha, umninawa wakhe omkhulu, uJohann Christoph Bach, wayesele ezimisele njengelilungu le-‘St. Michaeliskirche ’e-Ohrdruf. Emva kokubhubha kwabazali bakhe, wathatha abantakwabo abancinci ababini, uJohann Sebastian Bach oneminyaka eli-10 kunye noJohann Jacob Bach oneminyaka eli-13 ubudala. Ke ngo-1695, eneminyaka eyi-10, uSebastian waqala ukuhlala nomntakwabo e-Ohrdruf, apho wafumana khona izifundo zomzimba kunye ne-harpsichord kumntakwabo. Umdala uBach naye wamkhuthaza ukuba akope umculo weemvumi ezaziwayo kwaye ajonge indlela ezakhiwa ngayo izitho zomzimba. Kwangelo xesha, waya kwiGymnasium e-Ohrdruf, apho afunda khona ngesiLatini, isiGrike, isiFrentshi, isiTaliyane kunye nezakwalizwi. Ngeli xesha, wayecula kwikwayala yalapha. Ilizwi lakhe lesoprano kunye namandla omculo kungekudala achukumisa uCantor, uElias Herda. Ngaxa lithile ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1700, wafumana indawo kwikwayala yendyebo ‘yaseMichaelis’ eseLüneburg, mhlawumbi kucetyiswa uElias Herda, naye owayengumfundi kumzi woonongendi. Apho, wonyulwa ngoko nangoko ukuba abe 'yiMettenchor,' iqela elikhethiweyo leemvumi, ngenxa yelizwi lakhe elihle elingaqhelekanga. Emva koko, waqala ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zomculo wekwayara okanye weokhestra. Wayekhululekile ukusebenzisa ilayibrari yomculo entle kumzi woonongendi, eyandisa ulwazi lwakhe ngalo mbandela. Emva kwexesha, xa ilizwi lakhe laqala ukutshintsha, waqala ukudlala njenge-violinist kunye nomdlali we-accompanist, edlala ihabhu. Ngeli xesha, wadibana noGeorg Böhm, ilungu lezinto ezaziwayo, owazisa uBach kwisithethe esikhulu seHamburg. Emva kwexesha, wakwazi ukutyelela iHamburg ukuya kuva umlobi odumileyo kunye nomqambi, uJohann Adam Reincken. Waqhubeka nokudlala ivayolin kwi 'Nkundla yase Celle' apho weva khona umculo wesiFrentshi. Ke, ngehlobo lowe-1702, wayengekabinobuchule nje njengelungu, kodwa wayenamava omculo ohlukeneyo.
KwiWeimar UJohann Sebastian Bach uzame ukufumana umsebenzi kwicawa entsha yaseArnstadt kwindawo yakhe yokuzalwa, eThuringia. Ngelishwa, i-organ apho yayisakhiwa. Ngelixa wayelinde ukugqiba umsebenzi, wafumana isithembiso esivela kuJohann Ernst, iNkosana yaseWeimar. Qhubeka nokufunda apha ngezantsi, waqala umsebenzi wakhe njenge-violinist kwigumbi elincinci leokhestra kaJohann Ernst eWeimar. Ngaxeshanye, wayesebenza njengesekela lika-Effler, i-Organist yeNkundla, kwaye kungekudala wadibana nomculo wezixhobo zase-Italiya. KwiArstadt naseMuhlhausen NgoJulayi 1703, uBach wanikwa isithuba somlobi ‘yiArnstadt Town Council.’ Ke ngoko, wayishiya iWeimar waqalisa umsebenzi wakhe omtsha ngo-Agasti. Ngo-Okthobha u-1705, watyelela i-Lübeck, apho wadibana ne-organist enkulu u-Dietrich Buxtehude. Apho, akazange nje abe neengxoxo ezinkulu kunye ne-master organist, kodwa waya nakwiikonsathi ezininzi. Wongeza ukuhlala kwakhe eLübeck de kwaba nguFebruwari 1706. Ekubuyeni kwakhe, wazama ukusebenzisa izakhono zakhe ezintsha awayezifumene kwiingoma ezintsha — nto leyo eyayingenakukwazi ukulandela ikwayala, nto leyo eyakhokelela kwisiphithiphithi. Igunya lecawa lagqiba kwelokuba limkhalimele ‘ngezandi ezingaqhelekanga’ kwanokungabikho kwakhe ngaphandle kwekhefu. Emva koko, waqala wakhangela amanye amathuba. Ngo-1706, akuva ukuba umbutho wedolophu yaseMühlhausen uswelekile, wafaka isicelo. Emva koko ngoJuni 1707, wangena kwisikhundla sakhe esitsha 'kwiCawa yaseBlasius' eMühlhausen. Kungekudala, kwavela ungquzulwano phakathi kwamaLuthere angamaOthodoki namaPietist. Ngokunyuka kokugqibela, imeko yomculo yaqala ukungaqiniseki eMühlhausen. Ke ngoko, xa uDuke waseWeimar wamnika isithuba semvumi yegumbi kwinkundla yakhe ngesisa, wayamkela ngovuyo. Wathumela ileta yakhe yokurhoxa kwabasemagunyeni ngoJuni 25, 1708 kwaye washiya iWeimar. 
Buyela kwiWeimar E-Weimar, u-Bach, owayelilungu le-okhestra yegumbi kunye ne-Organist yeNkundla, wayenethuba lokusebenza neqela elikhulu leemvumi eziqeqeshiweyo okokuqala. Kungekudala waqala ukuqamba umsebenzi webhodibhodi kunye neokhestra rhoqo. Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsi Kwakulapha e-Weimar apho aqale ngempumelelo ukufaka iimpembelelo zangaphandle kumculo waseJamani okhoyo. Uninzi lwemisebenzi yakhe edumileyo yaqanjwa apha kwaye udumo lwakhe lwaqala ukusasazeka. Phakathi kwemisebenzi yakhe eyaziwayo ukusuka kweli xesha yayingu-'Orgelbüchlein '(Incwadi Encinci Yomzimba). Ngexesha elithile ngasekupheleni kuka-1713, uBach wacelwa ukuba angene ezihlangwini zikaFriedrich Wilhelm Zachow 'eLiebfrauenkirche' eHalle. Nangona kunjalo, iDuke yaseWeimar inyuse umvuzo wayo kwaye ke yahlala emva. Nge-2 ka-Matshi 1714, waba 'nguKonzertmeister' (umlawuli womculo) kwinkundla yeducal, kwaye waqala ukwenza icantata yecawa rhoqo ngenyanga kwicawa yenqaba. Ngoku wayengowesibini kuphela 'kuCapellmeister' uJohann Samuel Drese, owayemdala kwaye ebuthathaka. Emva koko, waqala ukuthatha uxanduva kwimvumi endala. Ngo-1717, kwavela ungquzulwano kwiNkundla yaseWeimar kwaye ngelishwa uBach wangena kuyo. Ngokomyalelo weDuke waseWeimar, wavalelwa inyanga enye. Emva kokukhululwa kwakhe, wayishiya i-Weimar wafudukela eKöthen, kwiikhilomitha ezili-19 kumantla eHalle. KwiKothen EKöthen, uJohann Sebastian Bach waba 'nguCapellmeister' kwinkundla yenkosana eselula uLeopold waseAnhalt-Cöthen. Ubomi apho babungacwangciswanga kwaye bugudile. Ke ngoko, wakwazi ukugxila kumculo wakhe, ebhala uninzi lwegumbi lakhe lomculo-i-violin concertos, i-sonatas, kunye nomculo webhodibhodi-ngeli xesha. Ngexesha elithile ngasekupheleni kuka-1721, inkosi kaBach, uPrince Leopold, watshata. Ngelishwa, umfazi wakhe wayengenamdla kumculo. Ngapha koko, wazama ukuphelisa inkosana emculweni. Ngapha koko, abantwana bakaBach babekhula kwaye kwakungekho ziko lilungileyo lemfundo eKöthen. Ke ngoko, uBach uthathe isigqibo sokuhamba kwakhona. ELeipzig Ngo-1723, uBach wonyulwa njenge ‘Thomaskantor,’ uCantor waseThomasschule, e ‘Thomaskirche’ eLeipzig. Ufike edolophini ngoMeyi 22, 1723, kwaye ukusebenza kwakhe okokuqala ngokusemthethweni kwaba ngoMeyi 30. Kwesi sikhundla, wayecelwa ukuba abonelele umculo kwiicawa ezine. Ke le minyaka ibinemveliso kakhulu kuBach. Kukholelwa ukuba kwiminyaka emithathu yokuqala, uvelise i-cantata entsha veki nganye, engadibananga nje nesidingo sangoku, kodwa ikhathalele neemfuno zexesha elizayo. Ngo-Matshi 1729, wathatha isikhundla sokuba ngumlawuli we 'Collegium Musicum,' iqela elihlangeneyo, elinabafundi ikakhulu beekholeji. Ngoku waqala ukuqamba umculo, kwaye waqhubeka esenza njalo nasemva kokuyeka isikhundla ngo-1737. Qhubeka nokuFunda ngezantsi Ngelixesha ngo-1733, uBach wonyulwa njengomqambi wenkundla eLeipzig. Emva kwexesha, wafumana izikhundla zokuhlonitshwa kwiinkundla zaseKöthen naseWeissenfels nakwinkundla kaFrederick Augustus (ikwangukumkani wasePoland) eDresden. Ngo-1747, uBach wajoyina i-'Correspondierende Societät der Musicalischen Wissenschaften '(Umbutho ohambelanayo weMusical Sciences) kaLorenz Christoph Mizler von Kolof. Nangona kunjalo, ukusukela ngo-1749, impilo yakhe yaqala ukwehla kwaye namehlo akhe aba buthathaka. Umsebenzi wakhe wokugqibela ophambili, ‘Mass in B minor,’ waqanjwa ngaxesha lithile ngo-1748–49. Imisebenzi emikhulu Kumsebenzi wakhe omde, uJohann Sebastian Bach wenza umsebenzi omkhulu. Phakathi kwabo, iBrandenburg Concertos yakhe, eyabhalwa ngo-1721, kukholelwa ukuba yenye yezona ngoma zibalaseleyo zeokhestra zexesha lamaBaroque. 'Ukwahluka kweGoldberg, iBWV 988' ngomnye wemisebenzi yakhe ephambili. Umsebenzi owathiywa ngegama likaJohann Gottlieb Goldberg, lo msebenzi wapapashwa okokuqala ngo-1741. Uthathwa njengomnye wemizekelo ebaluleke kakhulu kwifomu yokwahluka. Ubomi boBuntu kunye nelifa Ngomhla we-17 ku-Okthobha u-1707, kwiinyanga ezine emva kokufika eMühlhausen, uBach watshata umzala wakhe wesibini uMaria Barbara Bach. Bonke, babenabantwana abasixhenxe, kwaye abane phakathi kwabo bafikelela ebudaleni. Abantwana bakhe abasindayo kulo mtshato yayinguCatharina Dorothea, uWilhelm Friedemann, uCarl Philipp Emanuel, noJohann Gottfried Bernhard. Bonke bazalelwa eWeimar. Umfazi wakhe uMaria wasweleka nge-7 kaJulayi ngo-1720. Ngo-1721, uBach wadibana no-Anna Magdalena Wilcke, imvumi eyayiphiwe kakhulu kwinkundla yase Köthen. Batshata nge-3 kaDisemba ngo-1721, kwaye babenabantwana abali-13 kunye. Nangona kunjalo, babathandathu kuphela kubo abasindayo ebusaneni. Abantwana bakaBach abasindayo kumtshato wakhe wesibini yayinguGottfried Heinrich, Elisabeth Juliana Friederica, Johann Christoph Friedrich, Johann Christian, Johanna Carolina, noRegina Susanna. Uninzi lwabantwana bakhe, kwimitshato yomibini, baqhubeka ukuba ziimvumi eziphumeleleyo. Amehlo ka-Bach aqala ukuba buthathaka ukusuka ngo-1749. Emva koko, wahlinzwa ngamehlo, okokuqala ngo-Matshi 1750 waphinda ngo-Epreli 1750. Ekugqibeleni, wasweleka nge-28 kaJulayi ngo-1750, eneminyaka engama-65, njengesiphumo sale misebenzi ingaphumelelanga. Ngexesha lokuphila kwakhe, uBach wafumana uxabiso oluncinci kwaye akazange ahlawulwe ngokwaneleyo. Kwiminyaka eli-150, ilifa lakhe lahlala lilibalekile de kwasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba. Namhlanje, ukhunjulwa njengomnye wabaqambi abakhulu bexesha lonke. Inqaku Ngexesha lokusweleka kwakhe, indawo kaBach yayiqulathe izixhobo zomculo ezininzi kunye neencwadi zonqulo ezingama-52. Kwakungekho mali incinci. Xa umfazi wakhe wasweleka kwiminyaka elishumi kamva, wanikwa umngcwabo wehlwempu.
