Usuku lokuzalwa: NgoSeptemba 4 , Ngo-1848
Wafa eneminyaka: 80
Umqondiso welanga: Intombazana
Ilizwe lokuzalwa: eunited States
Uzalwe e:I-Chelsea, iMassachusetts, iUnited States
Idume njenge:Umqambi
Abaqambi Izazinzulu
Usapho:
Iqabane / Ex-:UMary Wilson Lewis (m. 1873)
utata:UGeorge Latimer, uGeorge W. Latimer
umama:URebecca Smith
abantwana:U-Emma Jeanette Latimer uNorman, uLouise Rebecca Latimer
Usweleke kwi: Nge-11 kaDisemba , Ngo-1928
indawo yokufa:Ukugungxula, iQueens, kwisiXeko saseNew York, eUnited States
U.S. Urhulumente: EMassachusetts
Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsiKuyacetyiswa Wena
IBill Bill ULarry Ikhasi USteve Wozniak UNeil deGrasse T ...Ngubani uLewis Howard Latimer?
U-Lewis Howard Latimer wayengusosayensi wase-Afrika waseMelika, umqambi, injineli, kunye nomqambi welungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya i-lightbulb kunye nomnxeba oguqula itekhnoloji kwinxalenye elandelayo yenkulungwane ye-19. Uzalelwe kwintsapho yamakhoboka ase-Afrika naseMelika, wakhula phantsi kweemeko ezinzima. Wayengenayo imfundo esesikweni, wazifundisa ukuyila imizobo yobunjineli, ugesi kunye noomatshini kwaye waba yenye yeengqondo zokuyila zemihla yakhe. Unezinto ezininzi azenzileyo kunye nelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kwityala lakhe. Usebenze kunye ne-stalwarts yamashishini afana no-Alexander Graham Bell, Hiram Maxim, no-Thomas Alva Edison. Ngelixa wayesebenza nombutho kaEdison, ulwazi lwakhe olwahlukileyo lwezibane ze-incandescent kunye nemithetho yelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wasetyenziselwa ubuninzi ukukhusela umdla wombutho. Uthathe inxaxheba ngokubonakalayo ekumiseni iifektri kunye nokwandiswa kokukhanyisa kombane kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke nezabucala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zoMntla Melika nase-Yurophu kwaye waba negalelo elikhulu kwinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-Second Industrial Revolution, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Technology Revolution. Imisebenzi yakhe, izinto ezintsha, kunye nefuthe ekukhuleni kwetekhnoloji zithathwa njengeziyimbali. Njengokwamkelwa ngokufanayo, uye wangeniswa kwiHolo loDumo leSizwe.
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lewis_latimer.jpg (Jonga iphepha lombhali [Indawo yasesidlangalaleni]) Ubuntwana kunye noBomi bokuqala U-Latimer, owazalwa ngo-Septemba 4, 1848, e-Chelsea, eMassachusetts, wayengoyena mncinci kwisibini samakhoboka uGeorge Latimer noRebecca Smith. ILatimer yakhula phantsi kweemeko ezinzima kakhulu njengoko abazali bakhe babephunyukile ebukhobokeni. Emva kwexesha, utata wakhe wachongwa wazanywa njengombaleki. Nangona uGeorge wayekhululwe ebukhobokeni, iimeko ezazikho ngelo xesha zamnyanzela ukuba azimele. Emva kokunyamalala kukayise, ukuxhasa usapho, uLatimer uthathe imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo engaqhelekanga eBoston. Ukufikelela kwiminyaka yeshumi elivisayo, wangena kwi-US Navy. Emva kokuba uLatimer ekhutshwe ngokufanelekileyo, wabuyela eBoston. E-Boston, wajoyina ifemi yomthetho welungelo elilodwa lomenzi 'Crosby Halstead no Gould, njengenkwenkwana yeofisi. Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsiAmadoda eVirgo Umsebenzi Ngelixa wayesebenza nefemu yomthetho welungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, uLatimer wajonga abayili kwaye wazifundisa ukuziyila kunye nokuyila. Amaqabane achonge italente yakhe aza ammisela ukuba abe ngumzobi wendlela. Eqonda amandla akhe, wanyuselwa njengabayili abayintloko. Ngomnyaka we-1874, umqambi we-bug wamluma. Ngelixa aqhubekekayo esebenza nenkampani yamagqwetha, waqulunqa kunye nelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wendlela yokuphucula amanzi yeemoto zikaloliwe. U-Alexander Graham Bell wasebenzisa iinkonzo zakhe ukuyila imizobo yokugcwalisa patent yomnxeba ngo-1876. Phakathi kwiminyaka ye-1870s, ubuchule bakhe njengomqambi welungelo elilodwa lomenzi buchongwa ngabaphathi beshishini. Ngo-1880, i-U.S. Inkampani ye-Electric Lighting ’yamqesha njengomphathi oncedisayo kunye noyilo loyilo. Le nkampani ibiphethwe ngumqambi odumileyo uMaxim, okhuphisana naye uThomas Alva Edison. Uphucule ukusebenza kwebhalbhu yombane eyenziwe ngu-Edison ngokuyila intambo yekhabhoni enobomi obonyukayo. Wabelana ngelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza loku kunye noJoseph V Nichols ngo-1881 kwaye walithengisa ‘e-U.S. Inkampani Yokukhanyisa Umbane. ’Ngo-1882, emva kokuphucula indlela yemveliso yeecarbon filaments, wafaka ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kwiNkqubo yoKwenziwa kweeCarbon. Ngethuba lokuhlala kwakhe no-‘U. Inkampani yokuKhanyisa ngombane, ’wabanceda ukuseka iindawo zokuvelisa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo eU.SA, Canada, nase U.K. Wemka eU.S. Inkampani ka-1882 yajoyina i-'Olmstead Electric Light and Power Company yaseNew York. 'Qhubeka nokuFunda ezantsi kwe-'Edison Electric Light Company,' ngoku 'nguGeneral Electric,' yamqesha ngo-1884. Apho wayesebenza njenge-drafman ephambili , injineli, ingcali yelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, kunye nengqina lobuchwephesha beBhodi yoLawulo lwePatent. Le bhodi ibiyindibaniselwano ebumbeneyo eyenziwe yinkampani kaEdison kunye 'neeNkampani zeWestinghouse,' ukukhusela ukwaphulwa kwamalungelo obunini. Uxanduva lomsebenzi wakhe kwi-'General Electric 'ibandakanyiwe, ukwenza imizobo, ukuqulunqa nokuphucula iitekhnoloji, ukugcwalisa kunye nokufumana amalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza nokuvela egameni lombutho iisuti zokophula amalungelo awodwa omthetho ezinxulumene nebhalbhu yombane ebandakanya' iU.S. Inkampani yokuKhanyisa ngombane, ’owayesakuba ngumqeshi wakhe. Wabhala kunye nencwadi ethi 'Incandescent Electric Lighting: A Practical Description of the Edison System,' yaza yapapashwa ngo-1890. Yayiyincwadi yokuqala eyayikhanyisa ngezibane. Ulwazi lwakhe lwezibane ze-incandescent zazo zombini iinkampani zaye zasebenza njengoko wayenikela ubungqina egameni lomqeshi wakhe wangoku kumlo wamalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza owathatha isithuba esingaphaya kweminyaka engamashumi amabini. Usebenze kwesi sikhundla de kwasekuqaleni kweminyaka elishumi ka-1910, xa ibhodi yolawulo lobunikazi yachithwa. Ngenxa yolwazi lobunjineli bombane, iinkonzo zakhe zaqeshwa ngamaqela amaninzi ocwangciso kwizixeko ezikhulu ezazibandakanyeka ekubambeni iindlela zokukhanyisa ngombane. Ngexesha lomsebenzi wakhe oncomekayo, wayenelungelo elilodwa lomenzi weLungelo lokufumana izibane zombane, izixhobo zoMoya zakuqala zokupholisa kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane, ukuvalela ii-racks zeminqwazi, iidyasi kunye neambrela, kunye neLamp. Wayesebenza nefemu yomthetho welungelo elilodwa lomenzi 'uHoward noSchwarz' emva kokuthatha umhlala-phantsi ku-General Electric. Ngo-1918, wanyulwa njengelungu lika-'Edison Pioneers, 'iqela elikhethekileyo labasunguli abasebenza ngokusondeleyo no-Edison, kwaye nguye kuphela Inductee yase-Afrika naseMelika. Usapho, uBomi baBantu kunye nokufa UWilliam, uGeorge, noMargaret babengabantakwabo Latimer. Qhubeka nokufunda apha ngezantsi Wathandana noMary Lewis Wilson kwaye babopha iqhina ngo-Novemba 15, 1873, e-Fall River, eMassachusetts. Basikelelwe ngeentombi ezimbini, uEmma Jeanette noLouise Rebecca. 'Imibongo yothando nobomi,' yingqokelela yemibongo yakhe, eyapapashwa ngabahlobo bakhe kwaye bayikhupha kancinci ngo-1925. ULatimer waphefumla okokugqibela ngoDisemba 11, 1928, eneminyaka engama-80. Inqaku I-Latimer ithenge izixhobo zokuyila ezisesandleni kwaye yazifundisa ngokwakha ubunjineli. Wafundisa abantu abadala kwiiklasi zesikolo ebusuku. Wayelilungu elasungula i-Unitarian Church, eFlushing, eNew York. Incwadi yakhe ekhanyisa i-incandescent ithathwa njengenkcubeko. Ilifa Ukuhlonipha iLatimer, isikolo sikarhulumente eBrooklyn sathiywa ngaye. Ngo 2006, wangeniswa kwi ‘National Inventors Hall of Fame.’ Indlu ka Lewis H Latimer, njengoko kucetyiswa ngegama ligumbi lemyuziyam elinikezelwe kuye e Leavitt Field, Flushing, kwisiXeko sase New York.
