Wazalwa:1
Wafa eneminyaka: 67
Kwaziwa njenge:USimon, uSimon, uSimon
Ilizwe lokuzalwa: Ubukhosi baseRoma
Uzalwe e:IBhetesayida, iGaulanitis, iSyria, uBukhosi baseRoma
Idume njenge:Ingcwele
Iinkokheli Zokomoya Nezenkolo Amadoda amaRoma amandulo
Usapho:
utata:UYona
umama:UJoanna
abantakwenu:UAndrew umpostile
Usweleke kwi:68
indawo yokufa:UClementine Chapel, iVictoria Hill, iRoma, i-Itali, uBukhosi baseRoma
Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsiKuyacetyiswa Wena
St Paul Umnumzana Augustine UChristopher oyiNgcwele UIgnatius wembovane ...Ngubani owayengcwele uPeter?
Ungayichaza kanjani Peter kumazwe ahlukeneyo neelwimi? Iicawa zamandulo zobuKrestu zimthatha njengomsunguli weCawa yaseRoma kunye neCawa yaseAntiyokwe, kodwa baneyantlukwano kwezimvo ngobungangamsha babalandeli bakhe banamhlanje. Wayengumlobi owaqhubeka waba yinkokheli yabaPostile, nangona wasilela uYesu Krestu izihlandlo ezininzi. Waguqula amawakawaka ngeentshumayelo zakhe kwaye wenza imimangaliso emininzi ebomini bakhe. U-Saint Paul kunye no-Saint Peter babelana ngobuhlobo, njengoko ezi nkokheli zimbini zazineembono eziphikisanayo malunga nokuhlalisana phakathi kwamaKristu angamaJuda kunye neeNtlanga. Isithethe sobuKristu sibamba ukuba uSanta Peter wabethelelwa emnqamlezweni eRoma phantsi kolawulo luka Emperor Nero. KwiTestamente eNtsha, iileta ezimbini zibhalwa nguPeter, kodwa iingcali zale mihla ngokubanzi azikwamkeli ukubhalwa kukaPeterine. Iimfundiso zakhe kunye neengxelo zamehlo akhe zibonisiwe 'kwiVangeli kaMarko'. Iincwadi ezininzi ezipapashiweyo ngobomi bakhe ezinje 'ngeZenzo zikaPeter,' 'iVangeli kaPeter,' 'Ukushumayela kukaPeter,' 'Apocalypse of Peter' kunye 'noMgwebo kaPeter' azinakufakwa kwimibhalo engcwele yeBhayibhile ngenxa yobungqina bayo.
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ifayile:El_Greco_-_Las_l%C3%A1grimas_de_San_Pedro.jpg (El Greco [Indawo yoluntu])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Saint_Peter_A33446.jpg (UMarco Zoppo [Indawo yoluntu])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:San_Pedro_en_l%C3%A1grimas_-_Murillo.jpg (UBartolomé Esteban Murillo [Indawo yoluntu])
Ityala lemifanekiso https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pope-peter_pprubens.jpg (UPeter Paul Rubens [Indawo yoluntu]) Ngaphambili Okulandelayo Ubuntwana kunye noBomi bokuqala Amagama amaninzi aqhelekileyo kunye aqhelekanga ngegama Peter. Igama lakhe lalihambelana nenkcubeko yamaJuda yokuthiya abantwana abangamadoda ngegama kusolusapho owaziwayo weTestamente eNdala. USimon akazange afumane nayiphi na imfundo esemthethweni kwaye wayethetha ngesiAramaic. Wayengumsebenzi wokuloba yaye wayehlala kwilali yaseBhethesayida, kufutshane noLwandle lwaseGalili. Wayesebenza kumnatha wokuloba nomntakwabo uAndreya noonyana bakaZebhedi, uYohane noYakobi ngaphambi kokuba ajoyine uYesu ekusasazeni ilizwi lakhe. Ngokwengxelo ye-BBC, ukuhlala phantsi kolawulo lwamaRoma ngala maxesha kungenzeka ukuba kwakunzima ngerhafu ephezulu ebekwe ngabasemagunyeni. Kuba iGalili yayiliziko lezorhwebo kunye nendawo yokujonga amashishini, kunokucingelwa ukuba uPetros wayengengomlobi nje othobekileyo, kodwa engusomashishini onendlu nesikhephe. Uninzi lwezinto esizaziyo ngoPeter oNgcwele zivela kwiincwadi zevangeli. IiVangeli ezintathu zeSynoptic zityhila indlela uYesu awamphilisa ngayo umkhwekazi kaPeter ogulayo kwikhaya labo eKapernahum. Umzekelo uthetha ukuba uPetros wayetshatile, nangona igama lomfazi wakhe lingakhankanywanga. NgokukaMateyu noMarko, uPetros kunye nomntakwabo uAndreya babizwa nguYesu ukuba bamlandele. Ukholelwa ukuba wathi, 'Ndilandele, ndiyakwenza abalobi babantu.' Kwingxelo kaLuka, uYesu wacela uPetros nabahlobo bakhe uJohn noJames ukuba behlise iminatha, kwaye baqala ukubambisa iintlanzi izihlwele. Kungekudala emva koko, baba ngabalandeli bakhe. IVangeli likaYohane likwaveze ukuba uPetros wayeloba emva kokuvuka kukaYesu, kwaye wabhekisa kubo 'njengabalobi babantu.' Qhubeka nokuFunda apha ngezantsi Indawo phakathi kwaBafundi U-Saint Peter ubonisiwe njengowokuqala kunye nowona ubalaseleyo kubaPostile abalishumi elinesibini, ngokwe 'Ncwadi yeZenzo.' IiVangeli eziSynoptic zibhekisa kuye njengesithethi sabapostile. Umzekelo, uLuka uthi uPetros wabuza uYesu komnye wemizekeliso yakhe. Nangona kukwahlukeneyo, iivangeli ziyavuma ukuba uPetros wayenomlinganiselo othile wobukhulu phakathi kwabapostile. Kuyakhankanywa kwiincwadi zevangeli ukuba uPetros wenza iqela elithile 'noJames Omdala' kunye 'noJohn' kwabaPostile Abalishumi Elinambini. Esi sithathu sabona iimeko ezinje ngoKwenziwa kumila kumbi kukaYesu kunye 'nokuphakanyiswa kwentombi kaJayiro' nangona abanye babengekho. 'IZenzo zaBapostile' zibeka uPetros njengomntu ophambili kubuKristu bokuqala. UPetros waba ngowokuqala ukubonakala kuye emva kokuvuka kwakhe kwabafileyo. Ngokwivangeli, uYesu wamnika imisebenzi ebalulekileyo njengokuhlawula irhafu kwabasemagunyeni egameni lakhe kunye neqela. Kukholelwa ukuba uYesu wamthembisa ngesikhundla esikhethekileyo ecaweni kwaye wamthatha 'njengelitye' eliza kwakhiwa phezu kwalo ibandla. IVangeli likaMateyu lithi uPetros yayinguye kuphela phakathi kwabafundi ababekwazi ukuhamba phezu kwamanzi emva kokubona uYesu esenza okufanayo. Nangona kunjalo, iincwadi zeVangeli zikaMarko nekaYohane azikhankanyi ukubandakanyeka kukaPeter kuwo nawuphi na umsebenzi ongummangaliso wolo hlobo. Igospile yokuqala ithi nguPetros owaqala wathi uyakholelwa kuYesu 'njengoMesiya' wathi, 'UnguKrestu, uNyana kaThixo ophilileyo'. Ukuphika kukaPeter Ukukhanyelwa kukaPeter kubhekisa kumaxesha amathathu xa uMpostile uPetros wakhanyela uYesu, ngokweevangeli ezine zeTestamente eNtsha. Kwiincwadi ezine zeVangeli, kwathiwa ngexesha lesidlo sangokuhlwa sokugqibela, uYesu waxela kwangaphambili ukuba uPetros wayezokukhanyela ulwazi kwaye amkhanye ngaphambi kokuba umqhagi ukhonye ngentsasa elandelayo. Qhubeka nokuFunda apha Ngesihlandlo sokuqala wamkhanyela xa isicaka sombingeleli omkhulu samfumana sammangalela ngokuba ekunye noYesu. Kwingxelo kaMarko, 'umqhagi walila,' kanti uLuka noYohane bamkhankanya ehleli emlilweni nabanye abantu. Ukuphika okwesibini kwafika xa wayesiya esangweni, kude nendawo ekufuphi yomlilo. Isicakazana esinye, ngokukaMarko, okanye esinye isicakakazi, ngokukaMateyu, okanye indoda, njengoko kuchaziwe kuLuka nakuYohane, uxelele abantu ukuba uPetros wayengomnye wabalandeli bakaYesu. UYohane uthi, 'yakhala inkuku' kwakhona. IVangeli likaYohane likukhanyela okwesibini xa uPetros wayehleli ecaleni komlilo, kwaye kwabakho umntu owambonayo kumyezo waseGetsemane ngelixa uYesu wayebanjiwe. Ukukhanyela kwesithathu nokokugqibela kweza xa intetho yakhe yaseGalili yathathelwa ingqalelo njengobungqina bokuba ungumfundi kaYesu. NgokukaMateyu, uMarko noLuka; yakhala inkuku kwakhona. U-Matthew uqhubeka athi indlela athetha ngayo yayiyeyona nto yamnika ukuba abe ngumntu waseGalili. U-Luke uyahluka kolokukhanyela okwesithathu kwaye ukhankanye ukuba ibingomnye umntu ommangalelayo hayi isihlwele sonke. UJohn khange akhankanye nasiphi na isandi. UPeter wamkhanyela kathathu uYesu, kodwa emva kokumkhanyela okwesithathu, weva umqhagi ukhonya wakhumbula ukuxelwa kwangaphambili kukaYesu. Waqala ke ukulila kakhulu. Esi siganeko saziwa njenge 'Inguquko kaPeter.' Ngexesha lovuko lukaYesu Ileta yokuqala kaPawulos eya kwabaseKorinte yenza uthotho lokuvela kukaYesu, kwaye eyokuqala kubo ikhankanya ukubonakala kwakhe kuPetros. Iindaba ezilungileyo zikaYohane zithi uPetros wayengumntu wokuqala ukungena engcwabeni likaYesu elingenanto, nangona abafazi nabafundi bakhe abathandekayo babengabokuqala ukumbona. ULuka uxela ukuba abapostile babengakholelwa kubafazi ababesithi babone ingcwaba elingenanto. UPeter waya engcwabeni ukuya kuqinisekisa iakhawunti yabo kwaye wafumana kuphela iimpahla zengcwaba apho. Wagoduka engakhange athethe nakubani na. Qhubeka nokufunda apha ngezantsi Isahluko sokugqibela kwincwadi yeVangeli kaYohane sichaza indlela uYesu awaphinda waqinisekisa ngayo isikhundla sikaPetros emva kokuba eqinisekisile ukuba uyamthanda uYesu izihlandlo ezithathu ukuze aphelise ukukhanyela kwakhe kathathu ngaphambili. ICawe yokuPhambili kweSt.Peter ekuLwandle lwaseGalili ithathwa njengendawo apho uYesu Krestu waqala ukubonakala khona kubafundi bakhe kwaye wamisela igunya eliphambili likaPeter kwicawa yamaKristu. INkokeli yeCawa yokuqala Kunye noYakobi olilungisa kunye noYohane uMpostile, uSanta Peter wayethathwa njengentsika yeCawa yokuqala. Kuba waye wakubona ukuvuka kukaKristu, wafumana inkokheli phakathi kwabalandeli bokuqala bobuKrestu kwaye wenza i-Jerusalem Ekklesia. Ekuqaleni wayengoyena mpostile ubalaseleyo, kodwa kamva wagutyungelwa nguYakobi olilungisa, 'uMzalwana weNkosi.' Ngokwabanye abaphengululi, olu tshintsho lwenzeka ngenxa yomahluko ababenawo ngaphezulu kokubambelela ngokungqongqo kuMthetho wamaYuda. UJames olilungisa kunye nabalandeli bakhe bathatha le meko, ngelixa uPeter okhululekileyo ethe chu waphulukana nefuthe lakhe. Abaphengululi bakwamkela oku kutshintshwa kwamandla kukuzibandakanya kukaPeter kubufundisi. UPawulos uthi uxanduva lokuba ngumpostile kumaJuda lwawela kuPetros njengoPawulos yayingumpostile weeNtlanga. Ukufa U-Saint Peter kuthiwa wabethelelwa emnqamlezweni eneminyaka engama-64 ngexesha lolawulo luka-Emperor Nero. Kukholelwa ukuba unqwenela ukubethelelwa emnqamlezweni phantsi, ngokungafaniyo noYesu. Wabethelelwa emnqamlezweni kwiinyanga ezintathu emva kokutsha komlilo eRoma, kwaye uNero wayecinga ukuba ngamaKristu ajongene noko. Ngokwentsomi yamaKatolika, wabethelelwa emyezweni egadini kaNero, wangcwatyelwa engcwabeni likaSanta Peter. Umlawuli uConstantine I ndaye ndagqiba kwelokuba ndinike imbeko kumfeli-nkolo owafela ukholo ngokwakha itempile enkulu awayeyikhumbula. Kukholelwa ukuba umzimba wakhe ulala ungcwatyelwe kanye ezantsi kutshintsho oluphezulu lwe-Saint Peter's Basilica. Nge-29 kaJuni kuyajongwa njengosuku lomthendeleko kaPeter oyiNgcwele kunye noPaul Paul. IVangeli likaYohane lithi uYesu wabonisa ukubethelelwa emnqamlezweni kukaPetros xa wayesithi, 'xa umdala uya kuzolula izandla zakho, kwaye omnye uya kukunxibisa akuhambise apho ungafuni ukuya khona.' Abaphengululi uWarren M. Smaltz kunye noDonald Fay Robinson batolika isiganeko kwiZenzo 12: 1-17, apho uPeter 'wakhululwa yingelosi' bamsa kwenye 'indawo' njengeakhawunti yokufa kwakhe. Ezinye iingcali zezenkolo zikholelwa kwelokuba usenokuba wasweleka ejele laseJerusalem malunga ne44AD endaweni yeRoma.
